North America Native Plant

Herbst’s Bur Cucumber

Botanical name: Sicyos herbstii

USDA symbol: SIHE9

Life cycle: annual

Habit: vine

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Herbst’s Bur Cucumber: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting Meet Herbst’s bur cucumber (Sicyos herbstii), one of Hawaii’s lesser-known native treasures. This humble annual vine might not win any beauty contests, but it holds a special place in the hearts of native plant enthusiasts and conservation gardeners who understand that ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Herbst’s Bur Cucumber: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting

Meet Herbst’s bur cucumber (Sicyos herbstii), one of Hawaii’s lesser-known native treasures. This humble annual vine might not win any beauty contests, but it holds a special place in the hearts of native plant enthusiasts and conservation gardeners who understand that sometimes the most important plants are the ones most people have never heard of.

What Makes This Plant Special

Herbst’s bur cucumber is what botanists call a forb—basically a soft-stemmed plant without woody parts that dies back each year. Think of it as nature’s way of creating a gentle, climbing annual that knows how to make the most of Hawaii’s year-round growing season. This little vine produces small, inconspicuous flowers and develops characteristic bur-like fruits that give it part of its common name.

Where You’ll Find It (Or Won’t)

This plant is endemic to Hawaii, meaning it exists nowhere else on Earth. Currently, Sicyos herbstii grows only in the Hawaiian Islands, making it a true local specialty. However, here’s where things get serious: this plant has a conservation status of S1S2, which puts it in the rare and potentially at risk category.

The Rarity Reality Check

Important Conservation Notice: Before you get excited about adding this unique native to your garden, you need to know that Herbst’s bur cucumber is considered rare. This means that if you’re interested in growing it, you must only source it from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate it responsibly—never collect it from the wild.

Should You Grow Herbst’s Bur Cucumber?

Here’s the honest truth: this isn’t a plant for every gardener. You might want to consider it if you:

  • Live in Hawaii (USDA zones 10-11) where it can thrive naturally
  • Are passionate about native plant conservation
  • Want to support Hawaiian biodiversity in your landscape
  • Appreciate subtle, naturalistic garden aesthetics over showy displays
  • Have access to responsibly sourced plants from conservation-minded nurseries

You might want to skip it if you’re looking for dramatic flowers, fast coverage, or a low-maintenance groundcover for beginners.

Growing Conditions and Care

Like most Hawaiian natives, Herbst’s bur cucumber likely prefers:

  • Partial shade conditions
  • Well-draining soil that doesn’t stay soggy
  • Warm, humid conditions year-round
  • Protection from strong winds

Since this is an annual, you’ll need to allow it to set seed each year to maintain it in your garden, or source new plants annually from ethical suppliers.

Garden Design Ideas

In a native Hawaiian landscape, Herbst’s bur cucumber works best as:

  • A subtle climbing element on natural supports
  • Part of a mixed native groundcover planting
  • An educational specimen in conservation gardens
  • A component of habitat restoration projects

The Bottom Line

Herbst’s bur cucumber represents something bigger than just another plant choice—it’s about preserving Hawaii’s unique botanical heritage. While it may not be the showiest addition to your garden, growing this rare native (responsibly) connects you to conservation efforts and helps ensure that future generations will still be able to enjoy Hawaii’s incredible plant diversity.

If you’re not in Hawaii or can’t source this plant responsibly, consider supporting Hawaiian native plant conservation organizations instead. Sometimes the best way to help a rare plant is simply to learn about it and spread awareness of its importance.

Herbst’s Bur Cucumber

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Violales

Family

Cucurbitaceae Juss. - Cucumber family

Genus

Sicyos L. - bur cucumber

Species

Sicyos herbstii (H. St. John) Telford - Herbst's bur cucumber

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA