Hempvine (Mikania): A Climbing Vine That Demands Respect
If you’re looking for a fast-growing vine that can quickly cover a fence or fill in a bare spot, hempvine (Mikania) might catch your eye. But before you plant this perennial climber, there are some important things you should know about this somewhat controversial plant.
What Is Hempvine?
Hempvine is a perennial forb that grows as a climbing or trailing vine. Despite its common name, it’s not related to hemp at all. This herbaceous plant lacks significant woody tissue and produces small, clustered flowers that can be white or pinkish, depending on the species. The heart-shaped leaves give it an attractive appearance that many gardeners find appealing.
Where Does Hempvine Grow?
Hempvine has a complex native status that varies by location. It’s considered non-native in Canada and has an undefined status in most of the lower 48 states. However, it is native to Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Currently, you can find hempvine growing in Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and Ontario.
Should You Plant Hempvine?
Here’s where things get tricky. While hempvine can be an attractive addition to the right garden, it comes with some serious considerations:
- Fast spreader: Many Mikania species are known for their aggressive growth habits
- Hard to control: Once established, it can be difficult to remove or contain
- Uncertain status: Its invasive potential isn’t fully documented in many areas
If you’re drawn to fast-growing vines, consider native alternatives like American groundnut (Apios americana), wild ginger (Asarum canadense), or native honeysuckles instead.
Growing Conditions and Care
If you do decide to grow hempvine, here’s what it needs:
- Sunlight: Partial shade to full sun
- Soil: Moist, well-draining soil (adaptable to various soil types)
- Hardiness: Generally suited for USDA zones 8-11, though this varies by species
- Water: Regular moisture, can tolerate some wet conditions
Garden Role and Design Uses
In the right setting, hempvine can serve as:
- Groundcover for naturalized areas
- Climbing vine for fences or trellises
- Quick coverage for unsightly areas
However, it’s best suited for wild gardens or naturalized landscapes where its spreading habit won’t cause problems with other plants.
Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits
One positive aspect of hempvine is its value to pollinators. The small, clustered flowers attract butterflies, bees, and other beneficial insects, providing nectar when many other plants have finished blooming for the season.
The Bottom Line
Hempvine is a plant that requires careful consideration. While it can be useful in the right circumstances, its aggressive growth habit and uncertain invasive status in many areas make it a risky choice for most gardens. If you’re looking for fast-growing coverage, explore native alternatives that will provide similar benefits without the potential drawbacks.
Remember, the best gardens work with nature, not against it. Choose plants that will thrive in your specific conditions while supporting local ecosystems – your garden (and your neighbors) will thank you!
