North America Native Plant

Heermann’s Bird’s-foot Trefoil

Botanical name: Lotus heermannii var. orbicularis

USDA symbol: LOHEO

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Hosackia tomentosa Hook. & Arn. (HOTO)  âš˜  Lotus eriophorus Greene (LOER4)  âš˜  Lotus heermannii (Durand & Hilg.) Greene var. eriophorus (Greene) Ottley (LOHEE)   

Heermann’s Bird’s-Foot Trefoil: A California Native Worth Getting to Know If you’re looking to add a touch of California’s natural beauty to your garden while supporting local wildlife, Heermann’s bird’s-foot trefoil might just be the perfect addition you’ve been searching for. This charming native perennial brings both ecological value and ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S4?T3T4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Subspecies or varieties is apparently secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the region or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Heermann’s Bird’s-Foot Trefoil: A California Native Worth Getting to Know

If you’re looking to add a touch of California’s natural beauty to your garden while supporting local wildlife, Heermann’s bird’s-foot trefoil might just be the perfect addition you’ve been searching for. This charming native perennial brings both ecological value and understated beauty to drought-tolerant landscapes across the Golden State.

What Makes This Plant Special?

Heermann’s bird’s-foot trefoil (Lotus heermannii var. orbicularis) is a true California native that has adapted beautifully to the state’s Mediterranean climate. As a perennial forb – that’s gardening speak for a non-woody flowering plant – it returns year after year without the need for replanting. You might also see it listed under its botanical synonyms like Hosackia tomentosa or Lotus eriophorus in older gardening references.

Where It Calls Home

This lovely native is exclusively found in California, making it a true Golden State original. Its natural range spans various habitats throughout the state, from coastal areas to inland valleys, where it has evolved to thrive in the region’s unique climate conditions.

Garden Appeal and Design Role

Don’t let its humble name fool you – Heermann’s bird’s-foot trefoil offers genuine charm in the right setting. The plant produces delicate yellow flowers that resemble tiny bird’s feet (hence the common name), creating a subtle but cheerful display. Its silvery-green foliage provides a lovely contrast in mixed plantings and helps tie together bolder flowering companions.

This plant works wonderfully as:

  • Ground cover in naturalized areas
  • A component in wildflower meadow gardens
  • Erosion control on slopes
  • Filler plant in drought-tolerant landscapes

Perfect for Wildlife-Friendly Gardens

One of the best reasons to grow Heermann’s bird’s-foot trefoil is its value to local wildlife. As a member of the pea family, it attracts a variety of native bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects. The flowers provide nectar while the foliage can serve as food for certain butterfly caterpillars, making your garden a vital pit stop in the local ecosystem.

Growing Conditions and Care

The beauty of California natives like Heermann’s bird’s-foot trefoil lies in their low-maintenance nature once established. This plant thrives in full sun and well-drained soils, making it perfect for those challenging sunny spots where other plants might struggle.

Ideal growing conditions include:

  • Full sun exposure
  • Well-draining soil (clay, loam, or sandy)
  • Minimal to moderate water after establishment
  • USDA hardiness zones 8-10

Planting and Care Tips

Getting started with Heermann’s bird’s-foot trefoil is refreshingly straightforward. Plant in fall or early spring when temperatures are mild and rainfall is more reliable. Water regularly during the first growing season to help establish a strong root system, then reduce watering significantly – this plant actually prefers the tough love approach once settled in.

The plant will often self-seed in favorable conditions, gradually naturalizing in your garden. This can be a blessing in wildflower gardens but something to monitor in more formal landscapes.

An Important Conservation Note

Here’s something every responsible gardener should know: Heermann’s bird’s-foot trefoil has a somewhat uncertain conservation status, suggesting it may be less common in the wild than it once was. If you’re interested in growing this plant, please source it from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their stock rather than wild-collecting. This ensures you’re supporting conservation efforts rather than potentially impacting wild populations.

Is This Plant Right for Your Garden?

Heermann’s bird’s-foot trefoil is an excellent choice for gardeners who want to create habitat for native wildlife while enjoying a low-maintenance, drought-tolerant landscape. It’s particularly well-suited for naturalized gardens, native plant enthusiasts, and anyone looking to reduce their garden’s water needs.

However, it might not be the best choice if you prefer highly manicured, formal gardens or need a plant that provides bold, showy color. Its appeal lies in its ecological value and subtle beauty rather than dramatic visual impact.

By choosing native plants like Heermann’s bird’s-foot trefoil, you’re not just creating a beautiful garden – you’re participating in the preservation of California’s unique botanical heritage while providing essential resources for local wildlife. Now that’s something worth growing!

Heermann’s Bird’s-foot Trefoil

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Lotus L. - trefoil

Species

Lotus heermannii (Durand & Hilg.) Greene - Heermann's bird's-foot trefoil

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA