North America Native Plant

Heartleaf Skullcap

Botanical name: Scutellaria ovata pseudoarguta

USDA symbol: SCOVP

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Scutellaria ovata Hill var. pseudoarguta (Epling) Core (SCOVP2)   

Heartleaf Skullcap: A Rare Native Wildflower Worth Knowing About If you’ve stumbled across the name heartleaf skullcap (Scutellaria ovata pseudoarguta), you’ve discovered one of nature’s more elusive native wildflowers. This perennial herb represents a fascinating piece of American botanical heritage, though it’s not exactly what you’d call garden center material. ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5THQ: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Heartleaf Skullcap: A Rare Native Wildflower Worth Knowing About

If you’ve stumbled across the name heartleaf skullcap (Scutellaria ovata pseudoarguta), you’ve discovered one of nature’s more elusive native wildflowers. This perennial herb represents a fascinating piece of American botanical heritage, though it’s not exactly what you’d call garden center material.

What Makes This Plant Special

Heartleaf skullcap belongs to the mint family and shares the characteristic square stems and opposite leaves typical of its relatives. As a native forb, it’s an herbaceous perennial that lacks woody stems but returns year after year from its root system. The pseudoarguta part of its scientific name distinguishes this particular variety from other heartleaf skullcaps, though the differences are subtle enough that botanists are still sorting out the details.

Where You’ll Find It (Spoiler: Probably Not in Your Backyard)

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit disappointing if you’re hoping to add this to your garden. Scutellaria ovata pseudoarguta has been documented only in West Virginia, making it one of those plants that most of us will never encounter in the wild, let alone in cultivation. Its extremely limited geographic distribution puts it in a category of plants that are more important for conservation than for gardening.

The Reality Check for Gardeners

While heartleaf skullcap is undoubtedly a fascinating native plant, its rarity and limited distribution make it virtually impossible to obtain through normal gardening channels. The plant’s conservation status is listed as undefined, which means botanists aren’t entirely sure how secure its populations are in the wild. This uncertainty, combined with its restricted range, means responsible gardeners should admire it from afar rather than trying to acquire it.

Better Alternatives for Your Native Garden

If you’re drawn to the idea of growing skullcaps in your garden, you’re in luck! The skullcap family offers several more widely available native species that can bring similar ecological benefits to your landscape:

  • Mad-dog skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora) – Great for rain gardens and wet areas
  • Hyssop skullcap (Scutellaria integrifolia) – Perfect for sunny, dry locations
  • Common skullcap (Scutellaria galericulata) – Excellent for pond edges and marshy spots

These alternatives offer the same family benefits – they’re native, support pollinators, and add that distinctive mint-family charm to your garden – without the ethical concerns of trying to source rare plant material.

Why This Matters for Native Plant Enthusiasts

Plants like Scutellaria ovata pseudoarguta remind us that native plant gardening isn’t just about what we can grow – it’s about understanding and appreciating the incredible diversity of our native flora. Even if we can’t (and shouldn’t) grow every native species, learning about them helps us become better stewards of the plants we do choose to cultivate.

Sometimes the best way to honor a rare native plant is to leave it in its natural habitat while choosing more common relatives for our gardens. In this case, exploring other skullcap species will give you a taste of what makes this plant family special while supporting conservation through responsible gardening practices.

Heartleaf Skullcap

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Lamiaceae Martinov - Mint family

Genus

Scutellaria L. - skullcap

Species

Scutellaria ovata Hill - heartleaf skullcap

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA