Hawai’i Spikemoss: A Tiny Hawaiian Treasure for Your Garden
If you’ve ever wondered about those delicate, moss-like plants carpeting the forest floors of Hawaii, you might have encountered Hawai’i spikemoss (Selaginella sandvicensis). Don’t let the name fool you – this charming little plant isn’t actually a moss at all! It’s what botanists call a spikemoss or lycopod, a fascinating group of ancient plants that have been around since before dinosaurs roamed the Earth.
What Exactly Is Hawai’i Spikemoss?
Hawai’i spikemoss is a perennial plant that looks remarkably similar to moss but is actually more closely related to ferns. This tiny Hawaiian native creates beautiful, intricate carpets of overlapping, scale-like leaves that shimmer in filtered light. Unlike true mosses, spikemosses are vascular plants, meaning they have tiny internal plumbing systems to transport water and nutrients – pretty impressive for something so small!
You might also see this plant referenced by its old scientific name, Selaginella parvula, in some older gardening references.
Where Does It Call Home?
This little beauty is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, meaning it’s found naturally nowhere else on Earth. It’s perfectly adapted to Hawaii’s unique climate and growing conditions, making it a true symbol of the islands’ incredible biodiversity.
Is Hawai’i Spikemoss Beneficial in Gardens?
Absolutely! Here’s why gardeners in appropriate climates (USDA zones 10-12) might want to consider this plant:
- Natural ground cover: Creates a lush, green carpet in shaded areas where other plants struggle
- Low maintenance: Once established, it requires minimal care
- Unique texture: Adds an interesting, prehistoric feel to garden designs
- Terrarium star: Perfect for indoor miniature landscapes and bottle gardens
- Erosion control: Helps stabilize soil on slopes and in rock gardens
- Native plant gardening: Essential for authentic Hawaiian landscape designs
How to Identify Hawai’i Spikemoss
Spotting this plant is easier once you know what to look for:
- Size: Very small and low-growing, typically forming mats just a few inches high
- Leaves: Tiny, scale-like leaves arranged in overlapping patterns, similar to roof shingles
- Color: Bright to deep green, sometimes with a subtle shimmer
- Growth pattern: Spreads horizontally to form dense mats
- Habitat: Thrives in shaded, moist areas with high humidity
Growing Conditions and Care
If you’re lucky enough to live in a tropical or subtropical climate, here’s how to keep your Hawai’i spikemoss happy:
- Light: Shade to partial shade – direct sunlight is a no-go
- Moisture: Consistently moist (but not waterlogged) soil
- Humidity: High humidity is essential for healthy growth
- Temperature: Warm temperatures year-round (zones 10-12)
- Soil: Well-draining but moisture-retentive soil with good organic content
A Word About Conservation
As a Hawaiian endemic species, Hawai’i spikemoss plays an important role in the islands’ native ecosystems. If you’re interested in growing this plant, always source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries rather than collecting from the wild. This helps protect wild populations while still allowing you to enjoy this remarkable little plant in your own garden.
Whether you’re creating an authentic Hawaiian garden, looking for unique ground cover for a shady spot, or just fascinated by these ancient plant forms, Hawai’i spikemoss offers something truly special. It’s a living connection to both Hawaii’s unique natural heritage and our planet’s ancient botanical history – all wrapped up in one tiny, beautiful package.
