North America Native Plant

Hawai’i Catchfly

Botanical name: Silene hawaiiensis

USDA symbol: SIHA5

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Hawai’i Catchfly: A Rare Native Treasure for Conservation-Minded Gardeners Meet the Hawai’i catchfly (Silene hawaiiensis), a remarkable native Hawaiian shrub that represents both the beauty and fragility of island ecosystems. This perennial woody plant is more than just a garden addition—it’s a living piece of Hawaiian natural heritage that deserves ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Threatened: Experiencing significant population decline or habitat loss that could lead to its endangerment if not addressed. ⚘

Region: United States

Hawai’i Catchfly: A Rare Native Treasure for Conservation-Minded Gardeners

Meet the Hawai’i catchfly (Silene hawaiiensis), a remarkable native Hawaiian shrub that represents both the beauty and fragility of island ecosystems. This perennial woody plant is more than just a garden addition—it’s a living piece of Hawaiian natural heritage that deserves our respect and protection.

A True Hawaiian Native

Silene hawaiiensis is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, meaning it exists nowhere else on Earth. This special status makes every individual plant incredibly valuable from both ecological and cultural perspectives. As a native species, it has evolved alongside Hawaii’s unique ecosystem for thousands of years, developing relationships with native pollinators and adapting to the islands’ volcanic soils and climate patterns.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

In its natural habitat, Hawai’i catchfly grows exclusively in Hawaii, typically on volcanic slopes and in dry forest areas. However, finding this plant in the wild has become increasingly difficult due to habitat loss and other environmental pressures.

Important Conservation Status

Before considering adding this plant to your garden, it’s crucial to understand its rarity. Silene hawaiiensis has a Global Conservation Status of S2, meaning it’s considered Imperiled due to extreme rarity. In the United States, it’s classified as Threatened, with typically only 6 to 20 occurrences remaining and few surviving individuals (estimated at 1,000 to 3,000 plants total).

This rarity status means that if you’re interested in growing Hawai’i catchfly, you must only obtain plants or seeds from responsible, ethical sources that don’t harm wild populations. Never collect from natural areas, and always verify that any nursery material comes from legitimate propagation programs.

What It Looks Like

Hawai’i catchfly is a multi-stemmed woody shrub that typically stays under 13-16 feet tall, though it’s usually much smaller in cultivation. Like other members of the catchfly family, it produces small, delicate white flowers with characteristic notched petals. The shrubby growth habit creates several stems arising from near the ground, giving it a bushy, compact appearance that works well in specialized garden settings.

Growing Conditions and Care

If you’re fortunate enough to obtain responsibly sourced Hawai’i catchfly, here’s what it needs to thrive:

  • Climate: USDA hardiness zones 10-12 (tropical to subtropical)
  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-draining volcanic or sandy soils; excellent drainage is essential
  • Water: Low water requirements once established; drought-tolerant
  • Protection: Shield from strong winds that can damage the woody stems

Perfect for Specialized Gardens

Hawai’i catchfly isn’t your typical landscape plant—and that’s exactly what makes it special. It’s ideal for:

  • Native Hawaiian plant collections
  • Conservation gardens focused on rare species
  • Rock gardens with excellent drainage
  • Xeric (dry) landscape designs
  • Educational gardens showcasing endemic Hawaiian flora

Supporting Hawaiian Ecosystems

While specific pollinator relationships for Silene hawaiiensis aren’t well-documented, catchfly species typically attract moths, butterflies, and other small pollinators. By growing this rare native, you’re potentially providing habitat for Hawaiian native insects and contributing to the preservation of indigenous plant genetics.

A Plant for Conservation Heroes

Growing Hawai’i catchfly isn’t for every gardener—and that’s okay. This plant is best suited for those passionate about conservation, native plant preservation, and Hawaiian ecology. If you’re interested in easier-to-find Hawaiian natives, consider exploring other indigenous species that are more readily available through ethical nurseries.

Remember, every responsibly grown Hawai’i catchfly represents hope for this threatened species. By supporting conservation-focused nurseries and propagation programs, you’re helping ensure that future generations will still be able to appreciate this unique piece of Hawaiian natural heritage.

The beauty of Silene hawaiiensis lies not just in its delicate white flowers, but in its story of resilience and the opportunity it gives us to participate in meaningful conservation right in our own gardens.

Hawai’i Catchfly

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Caryophyllales

Family

Caryophyllaceae Juss. - Pink family

Genus

Silene L. - catchfly

Species

Silene hawaiiensis Sherff - Hawai'i catchfly

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA