North America Native Plant

Hartz’s Bluegrass

Botanical name: Poa hartzii hartzii var. vivipara

USDA symbol: POHAV

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to Greenland  

Hartz’s Bluegrass: An Arctic Native That’s Not for Your Average Garden Meet Hartz’s bluegrass (Poa hartzii hartzii var. vivipara), one of nature’s most specialized grass species that calls the frigid Arctic home. While this hardy perennial grass has adapted to some of the planet’s most extreme conditions, it’s definitely not ...

Hartz’s Bluegrass: An Arctic Native That’s Not for Your Average Garden

Meet Hartz’s bluegrass (Poa hartzii hartzii var. vivipara), one of nature’s most specialized grass species that calls the frigid Arctic home. While this hardy perennial grass has adapted to some of the planet’s most extreme conditions, it’s definitely not destined for your backyard landscape—and here’s why.

Where Does Hartz’s Bluegrass Come From?

This remarkable grass is native to the Arctic regions of Canada and Greenland, thriving in places where most plants simply can’t survive. In Canada, you’ll find it growing naturally in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, regions known for their harsh winters and brief growing seasons.

What Makes This Grass Special?

Hartz’s bluegrass belongs to the Poaceae family and lives as a perennial, meaning it comes back year after year—assuming you can provide the arctic conditions it demands! The vivipara part of its name gives us a clue about one of its coolest features: it can produce tiny plantlets directly on its flower heads, a clever adaptation that helps it reproduce in harsh environments where traditional seed production might fail.

Why You Probably Shouldn’t Plant It

Here’s the reality check: unless you’re living in an arctic climate or running a specialized botanical research facility, Hartz’s bluegrass isn’t going to work in your garden. This plant has evolved for extreme conditions that include:

  • Permafrost soil conditions
  • Extremely short growing seasons
  • Intense cold temperatures
  • Specialized arctic soil composition

Most gardeners, even in northern climates, simply can’t replicate these conditions. The plant would likely struggle or fail completely in typical garden environments, even in USDA hardiness zones 3-4.

Better Native Grass Alternatives

If you’re drawn to the idea of native grasses but live outside the Arctic, consider these more garden-friendly alternatives:

  • Buffalo grass for prairie regions
  • Little bluestem for diverse climates
  • Canada wild rye for northern gardens
  • Blue grama grass for drought-prone areas

The Ecological Role

While Hartz’s bluegrass might not belong in your garden, it plays a crucial role in Arctic ecosystems. As a wind-pollinated grass, it contributes to the limited plant diversity in tundra environments and provides habitat structure for Arctic wildlife. Its ability to survive and reproduce in such extreme conditions makes it a fascinating example of plant adaptation.

The Bottom Line

Hartz’s bluegrass is absolutely fascinating from a botanical perspective, but it’s strictly for Arctic conditions. Unless you’re conducting research or have a very specialized climate-controlled growing facility, this grass belongs in its natural habitat rather than in cultivation. Instead, celebrate native plants by choosing regionally appropriate species that will thrive in your local conditions while still supporting native wildlife and ecosystems.

Sometimes the best way to appreciate a plant is to admire it from afar and focus our gardening energy on species that can actually succeed in our landscapes!

Hartz’s Bluegrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Poa L. - bluegrass

Species

Poa hartzii Gandog. - Hartz's bluegrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA