North America Native Plant

Gulf Cockspur Grass

Botanical name: Echinochloa cruspavonis var. macera

USDA symbol: ECCRM

Life cycle: annual

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. var. zelayensis (Kunth) Hitchc. (ECCRZ2)  âš˜  Echinochloa zelayensis (Kunth) Schult. (ECZE)   

Gulf Cockspur Grass: A Native Annual Grass for Specialized Gardens Meet gulf cockspur grass (Echinochloa cruspavonis var. macera), a native annual grass that might not be on every gardener’s radar, but deserves a closer look for certain landscape situations. This unassuming member of the grass family has carved out its ...

Gulf Cockspur Grass: A Native Annual Grass for Specialized Gardens

Meet gulf cockspur grass (Echinochloa cruspavonis var. macera), a native annual grass that might not be on every gardener’s radar, but deserves a closer look for certain landscape situations. This unassuming member of the grass family has carved out its niche across a surprising number of states, from the southwestern deserts to the Gulf Coast.

Where You’ll Find This Native Grass

Gulf cockspur grass is truly a native success story, naturally occurring across fourteen states: Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas, and Utah. This impressive geographic range suggests it’s a pretty adaptable plant that has found ways to thrive in diverse climates and conditions.

What Makes Gulf Cockspur Grass Special

As an annual grass, gulf cockspur grass completes its entire life cycle in one growing season. This means it germinates, grows, flowers, sets seed, and dies all within a year. While some gardeners might see this as a drawback, annual grasses can actually be quite useful in specific situations.

Being a graminoid (grass-like plant), it shares characteristics with other grasses, sedges, and rushes. These plants often provide important ecological functions, even if they don’t always get the spotlight that showy flowering perennials receive.

Should You Plant Gulf Cockspur Grass?

Here’s where things get a bit tricky. While gulf cockspur grass is undeniably native and has an impressive natural range, there’s limited specific information available about its garden performance, aesthetic qualities, or cultivation requirements. This isn’t uncommon with many native grasses that haven’t been widely studied for horticultural use.

Consider gulf cockspur grass if you’re:

  • Creating a naturalized area that mimics local ecosystems
  • Working on habitat restoration projects
  • Looking for annual grasses to fill temporary spaces
  • Interested in supporting local biodiversity with truly native plants

Growing Gulf Cockspur Grass

Unfortunately, specific growing information for this particular variety is limited. However, as an annual grass with such a wide native distribution, it’s likely fairly adaptable to different conditions. Since it grows naturally across states with vastly different climates—from the arid Southwest to the humid Southeast—it probably tolerates a range of moisture levels and soil types.

If you’re interested in trying gulf cockspur grass, your best bet might be to:

  • Contact local native plant societies or extension offices in your area
  • Look for seeds from reputable native plant suppliers
  • Start with a small trial area to see how it performs in your specific conditions
  • Observe how it grows in nearby natural areas if you’re within its native range

The Bottom Line

Gulf cockspur grass represents one of those interesting native plants that might not be garden center staples but could have value in the right situations. While we don’t have detailed information about its ornamental qualities or specific care requirements, its native status and wide distribution suggest it could be worth exploring for gardeners interested in truly local flora.

If you’re looking for well-documented native grasses with known garden performance, you might also consider researching other native grasses in your region. But if you’re the adventurous type who enjoys experimenting with lesser-known natives, gulf cockspur grass could be an interesting addition to your plant palette.

Remember, every native plant plays a role in its ecosystem, even if we don’t fully understand all the connections yet. Sometimes the most rewarding gardening experiences come from getting to know the unsung heroes of the plant world.

Gulf Cockspur Grass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Echinochloa P. Beauv. - cockspur grass

Species

Echinochloa crus-pavonis (Kunth) Schult. - gulf cockspur grass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA