North America Native Plant

Gulf Coast Swallow-wort

Botanical name: Cynanchum angustifolium

USDA symbol: CYAN5

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: vine

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Cynanchum palustre (Pursh) A. Heller (CYPA15)  âš˜  Funastrum angustifolium (Pers.) Liede & Meve (FUAN2)  âš˜  Lyonia palustris (Pursh) Small (LYPA4)   

Gulf Coast Swallow-Wort: A Hidden Gem for Wetland Gardens If you’re looking to create a authentic wetland garden or need a native plant that thrives in soggy conditions, gulf coast swallow-wort (Cynanchum angustifolium) might just be the unsung hero your landscape has been waiting for. This southeastern native perennial specializes ...

Gulf Coast Swallow-Wort: A Hidden Gem for Wetland Gardens

If you’re looking to create a authentic wetland garden or need a native plant that thrives in soggy conditions, gulf coast swallow-wort (Cynanchum angustifolium) might just be the unsung hero your landscape has been waiting for. This southeastern native perennial specializes in wet environments where many other plants would simply give up and float away.

Meet This Wetland Specialist

Gulf coast swallow-wort is a perennial forb—basically a non-woody plant that comes back year after year without developing a thick, tree-like trunk. Think of it as the reliable friend who shows up every spring, ready to tackle whatever soggy conditions your yard throws its way. You might also encounter this plant listed under its scientific synonyms like Funastrum angustifolium or Cynanchum palustre in older references.

Where It Calls Home

This native beauty has claimed the southeastern United States as its territory, naturally growing across Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Texas. It’s perfectly adapted to the warm, humid conditions and seasonal flooding patterns of this region.

Why Your Wetland Garden Needs This Plant

Gulf coast swallow-wort isn’t just another pretty face in the wetland plant world—it’s a hardworking native that serves multiple purposes:

  • Provides authentic regional character to natural landscapes
  • Thrives in conditions where many ornamental plants fail
  • Supports local ecosystem balance as a native species
  • Perfect for wetland restoration projects
  • Excellent for rain gardens and bioswales

The Right Spot for Success

This plant has some pretty specific preferences, and understanding them is key to growing it successfully. Gulf coast swallow-wort is classified as either Facultative Wetland or Obligate Wetland depending on your region, which means it really, really likes its feet wet.

In the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain regions, it’s considered Facultative Wetland—it usually grows in wetlands but can occasionally tolerate drier conditions. However, in the Great Plains region, it’s classified as Obligate Wetland, meaning it almost always needs wetland conditions to thrive.

Growing Conditions and Care

Based on its native range, gulf coast swallow-wort likely thrives in USDA hardiness zones 7 through 10. Here’s what this wetland specialist needs to flourish:

  • Moisture: Consistent wetland conditions with moist to saturated soils
  • Location: Bog gardens, rain gardens, pond edges, or naturally wet areas
  • Climate: Warm, humid southeastern conditions
  • Maintenance: Minimal once established in appropriate wet conditions

Is This Plant Right for Your Garden?

Gulf coast swallow-wort is definitely a niche plant—it’s not going to work in your average flower border or drought-tolerant landscape. However, if you have naturally wet areas, are creating a rain garden, or working on wetland restoration, this native could be exactly what you need.

Consider this plant if you:

  • Have consistently wet or boggy areas in your landscape
  • Are creating a rain garden or bioswale
  • Want to support native plant communities
  • Are working on wetland restoration projects
  • Live within its natural southeastern range

A Word of Caution

While gulf coast swallow-wort is a native plant, detailed information about its growth habits, appearance, and specific care requirements can be limited. Before adding it to your landscape, try to source plants from reputable native plant nurseries who can provide specific growing guidance and ensure you’re getting the right species for your particular wetland conditions.

Remember, successful wetland gardening is all about matching the right plants to the right conditions—and gulf coast swallow-wort is definitely a plant that knows what it wants!

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Great Plains

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Gulf Coast Swallow-wort

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Gentianales

Family

Asclepiadaceae Borkh. - Milkweed family

Genus

Cynanchum L. - swallow-wort

Species

Cynanchum angustifolium Pers. - gulf coast swallow-wort

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA