North America Native Plant

Guatemalan Indigo

Botanical name: Indigofera guatemalensis

USDA symbol: INGU

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico âš˜ Native to the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Guatemalan Indigo: A Caribbean Native Worth Discovering If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands and looking to embrace your local flora, Guatemalan indigo (Indigofera guatemalensis) might just be the native shrub you’ve been searching for. This perennial beauty belongs to the Caribbean’s natural heritage and offers ...

Guatemalan Indigo: A Caribbean Native Worth Discovering

If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands and looking to embrace your local flora, Guatemalan indigo (Indigofera guatemalensis) might just be the native shrub you’ve been searching for. This perennial beauty belongs to the Caribbean’s natural heritage and offers gardeners a chance to cultivate something truly local.

Where Does Guatemalan Indigo Call Home?

Guatemalan indigo is native exclusively to Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, making it a true Caribbean endemic. This shrub has evolved specifically for the unique conditions of these tropical islands, which means it’s perfectly adapted to thrive in its home territory.

What Does It Look Like?

This native gem grows as a perennial shrub with multiple stems arising from or near the ground. You can expect it to reach heights of less than 13 to 16 feet (4 to 5 meters), though under certain environmental conditions, it might grow taller or develop a more single-stemmed appearance. Its woody nature makes it a sturdy, long-lasting addition to any landscape.

Why Choose Guatemalan Indigo for Your Garden?

There are several compelling reasons to consider this native shrub:

  • It’s truly local: By planting Guatemalan indigo, you’re supporting the indigenous plant life of your region
  • Low maintenance potential: Native plants are typically well-adapted to local conditions, potentially requiring less water and care once established
  • Ecological benefits: Native plants often provide better support for local wildlife and pollinators
  • Unique character: This isn’t a plant you’ll find in every garden center, giving your landscape a distinctive edge

Growing Conditions and Care

Since Guatemalan indigo is native to the Caribbean, it’s best suited for tropical and subtropical climates, likely thriving in USDA hardiness zones 10-11. Given its natural habitat, it probably appreciates:

  • Warm temperatures year-round
  • Well-draining soil
  • Regular rainfall or irrigation
  • Protection from strong winds

The Challenge: Limited Availability

Here’s where things get a bit tricky. Guatemalan indigo isn’t widely cultivated or commercially available, which means finding plants or seeds might require some detective work. You might need to:

  • Contact local native plant societies
  • Reach out to botanical gardens in Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands
  • Connect with local conservation organizations
  • Search for specialty native plant nurseries

Is It Right for Your Garden?

Guatemalan indigo could be an excellent choice if you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands and want to create a landscape that celebrates local biodiversity. Its shrub form makes it suitable for:

  • Mixed native plantings
  • Natural landscape designs
  • Wildlife-friendly gardens
  • Erosion control on slopes

However, if you’re gardening outside its native range, this plant likely won’t be suitable for your climate. In that case, consider researching native Indigofera species or other leguminous shrubs that are indigenous to your specific region.

The Bottom Line

While Guatemalan indigo might not be the easiest native plant to find or grow, it represents something special: a connection to the unique natural heritage of the Caribbean islands. If you’re up for a bit of a gardening adventure and want to support local ecosystems, this native shrub could be a rewarding addition to your landscape. Just be prepared to do some sleuthing to track down plants or seeds, and don’t hesitate to reach out to local plant enthusiasts who might be able to point you in the right direction.

Guatemalan Indigo

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Indigofera L. - indigo

Species

Indigofera guatemalensis Moc. & Sessé ex Prain & Backer - Guatemalan indigo

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA