North America Native Plant

Guadeloupe Bog Orchid

Botanical name: Habenaria amalfitana

USDA symbol: HAAM4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Habenaria dussii Cogn. (HADU)   

Guadeloupe Bog Orchid: A Rare Puerto Rican Native Worth Knowing About Meet the Guadeloupe bog orchid (Habenaria amalfitana), a fascinating native orchid that calls Puerto Rico home. While this delicate perennial might not be the easiest plant to find at your local garden center, it represents the incredible biodiversity of ...

Guadeloupe Bog Orchid: A Rare Puerto Rican Native Worth Knowing About

Meet the Guadeloupe bog orchid (Habenaria amalfitana), a fascinating native orchid that calls Puerto Rico home. While this delicate perennial might not be the easiest plant to find at your local garden center, it represents the incredible biodiversity of Caribbean flora and deserves a spot in our conversation about native gardening.

What Makes This Orchid Special?

The Guadeloupe bog orchid belongs to the Habenaria genus, a group known for their intricate and often tiny flowers. As a native Puerto Rican species, this orchid has evolved specifically to thrive in the unique conditions of Caribbean ecosystems. You might also see it referenced by its synonym, Habenaria dussii, in older botanical literature.

This perennial forb lacks the woody stems of shrubs and trees, instead growing as a delicate herbaceous plant that returns year after year. Its classification as facultative for wetland status means you might find it in both wet and dry areas, though it seems to have a preference for moisture-rich environments.

Where Does It Grow?

Currently, this orchid is documented as native only to Puerto Rico, making it a true Caribbean endemic. Its limited geographic range adds to its special status among native plant enthusiasts and orchid collectors.

Should You Try Growing It?

Here’s where things get a bit tricky. While the Guadeloupe bog orchid is undoubtedly a beautiful native species worth celebrating, it presents some challenges for the average gardener:

  • Availability: This orchid is extremely difficult to find in cultivation
  • Specialized care: Like most native orchids, it likely requires very specific growing conditions
  • Limited information: There’s surprisingly little documentation about its cultivation requirements

If You’re Determined to Try

For the adventurous gardener or serious orchid enthusiast, here’s what we can piece together about growing conditions:

  • Climate: Likely suited for USDA zones 10-11 (tropical and subtropical regions)
  • Moisture: Given its facultative wetland status, consistent moisture is probably important
  • Humidity: High humidity levels typical of Caribbean climates
  • Soil: Well-draining but moisture-retentive growing medium

Important note: If you do find this orchid available, make sure it’s from a reputable source that grows them sustainably rather than collecting from wild populations.

Native Plant Alternatives

If you’re inspired by the idea of growing native orchids but want something more readily available, consider looking into other native orchid species from your region, or focus on other native Puerto Rican plants that are easier to cultivate and more widely available.

The Bigger Picture

While you might not end up with a Guadeloupe bog orchid in your garden, learning about species like this reminds us of the incredible diversity of native plants and the importance of protecting their natural habitats. Every native species, no matter how small or obscure, plays a role in its ecosystem.

Sometimes the best way to support a rare native plant is simply to appreciate it in its natural setting and support conservation efforts that protect the habitats where these botanical treasures can continue to thrive.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Guadeloupe Bog Orchid

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Orchidales

Family

Orchidaceae Juss. - Orchid family

Genus

Habenaria Willd. - bog orchid

Species

Habenaria amalfitana Lehm. & Kränzlin - Guadeloupe bog orchid

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA