North America Native Plant

Guadalupe Violet

Botanical name: Viola guadalupensis

USDA symbol: VIGU

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Guadalupe Violet: A Rare Treasure Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, you’ve probably never heard of the Guadalupe violet (Viola guadalupensis). And honestly, that’s not surprising – this little wildflower is one of North America’s botanical treasures that’s hiding in plain sight, clinging to existence in ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Guadalupe Violet: A Rare Treasure Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, you’ve probably never heard of the Guadalupe violet (Viola guadalupensis). And honestly, that’s not surprising – this little wildflower is one of North America’s botanical treasures that’s hiding in plain sight, clinging to existence in just a handful of locations.

What Makes the Guadalupe Violet Special?

The Guadalupe violet is a perennial forb, which is just a fancy way of saying it’s a non-woody herbaceous plant that comes back year after year. Like other members of the violet family, it produces those charming little flowers we all recognize, but this particular species has evolved to thrive in a very specific corner of the world.

As a native plant to the lower 48 states, the Guadalupe violet represents the kind of specialized flora that makes American ecosystems so unique. But here’s where things get serious – this plant carries a Global Conservation Status of S1, meaning it’s critically imperiled with typically five or fewer known occurrences and very few remaining individuals (less than 1,000 total).

Where Does It Call Home?

The Guadalupe violet has an extremely limited native range, found only in New Mexico and Texas, specifically in the Guadalupe Mountains region. This restricted distribution is part of what makes it so vulnerable to extinction.

Should You Grow Guadalupe Violet?

Here’s the thing about critically imperiled plants – the answer isn’t straightforward. While we absolutely want to encourage people to grow native species, the Guadalupe violet presents some unique challenges and considerations:

  • Rarity concerns: With so few individuals left in the wild, any gardening efforts should only use responsibly sourced material
  • Specialized needs: This plant has evolved for very specific conditions that may be difficult to replicate
  • Conservation priority: Growing it could contribute to conservation efforts, but only if done properly

Growing Conditions and Care

Unfortunately, detailed growing information for Guadalupe violet is limited due to its rarity and specialized nature. Based on its native habitat in the Guadalupe Mountains, it likely prefers:

  • Well-draining soils typical of mountainous regions
  • USDA hardiness zones 7-9 (estimated based on native range)
  • Conditions similar to other southwestern violets

If you’re serious about attempting to grow this species, we strongly recommend:

  • Contacting local native plant societies or botanical gardens
  • Ensuring any seeds or plants are ethically sourced
  • Working with conservation organizations
  • Considering it only if you have experience with rare native plants

Alternative Native Violets

If you’re drawn to native violets but want something more readily available, consider these alternatives that support pollinators and wildlife:

  • Wild violet (Viola sororia) for eastern gardens
  • Stream violet (Viola glabella) for western regions
  • Prairie violet (Viola pedatifida) for grassland gardens

The Bigger Picture

The Guadalupe violet reminds us that native gardening isn’t just about pretty flowers – it’s about preserving the intricate web of life that makes each region unique. While most of us may never grow this particular species, learning about it helps us appreciate the incredible diversity hiding in our landscapes and the importance of protecting these botanical treasures.

Whether you choose to seek out the Guadalupe violet or opt for more common native alternatives, you’re contributing to a movement that values the plants that truly belong in our gardens. And in a world where we’re losing species at an alarming rate, that’s something worth celebrating.

Guadalupe Violet

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Violales

Family

Violaceae Batsch - Violet family

Genus

Viola L. - violet

Species

Viola guadalupensis A. Powell & B. Wauer - Guadalupe violet

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA