North America Native Plant

Guadalupe Fescue

Botanical name: Festuca ligulata

USDA symbol: FELI

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Guadalupe Fescue: A Rare Texas Treasure Worth Protecting Meet Guadalupe fescue (Festuca ligulata), one of Texas’s rarest native grasses that’s more likely to be spotted by botanists than backyard gardeners. This critically endangered perennial grass represents a unique piece of the Lone Star State’s natural heritage, though it’s not exactly ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Guadalupe Fescue: A Rare Texas Treasure Worth Protecting

Meet Guadalupe fescue (Festuca ligulata), one of Texas’s rarest native grasses that’s more likely to be spotted by botanists than backyard gardeners. This critically endangered perennial grass represents a unique piece of the Lone Star State’s natural heritage, though it’s not exactly what you’d call garden center material.

What Makes Guadalupe Fescue Special

Guadalupe fescue is a native perennial grass that belongs to the diverse family of grasses and grass-like plants. As a true Texas native, it evolved alongside the state’s unique ecosystems and wildlife. However, what makes this grass truly remarkable isn’t just its native status—it’s how incredibly rare it has become.

Where Does It Grow?

This elusive grass calls Texas home, though finding it in the wild requires some serious botanical detective work. Guadalupe fescue has an extremely limited distribution within the state, contributing to its precarious conservation status.

A Plant on the Edge

Here’s where things get serious: Guadalupe fescue carries a Global Conservation Status of S1, meaning it’s critically imperiled. In plain English, this grass is hanging on by a thread with typically five or fewer known locations and fewer than 1,000 individual plants remaining in the wild. That puts it in the same category as some of our most endangered wildlife species.

Should You Grow Guadalupe Fescue?

While we’re all about native plant gardening, Guadalupe fescue presents a unique situation. Given its critically imperiled status, this isn’t a plant you’ll find at your local nursery—and that’s probably for the best. Here’s what you need to know:

  • Never collect this plant from wild populations
  • If you somehow encounter seeds or plants, ensure they come from verified, responsible propagation programs
  • Consider supporting conservation efforts instead of trying to grow it yourself
  • Choose other native Texas grasses for your landscape needs

Better Alternatives for Your Texas Garden

Instead of seeking out this rare treasure, why not celebrate Texas’s incredible grass diversity with more readily available native species? Consider these fantastic alternatives:

  • Buffalo grass for drought-tolerant lawns
  • Little bluestem for prairie gardens
  • Gulf muhly for ornamental appeal
  • Texas grama for naturalized areas

Growing Conditions and Care

Since detailed growing information for Guadalupe fescue isn’t widely available due to its rarity, and wild collection is absolutely discouraged, specific cultivation advice is limited. Like most native Texas grasses, it likely prefers well-draining soils and can handle the state’s challenging climate conditions, but these are educated guesses rather than proven horticultural facts.

The Bigger Picture

Sometimes the best way to honor a native plant is to admire it from afar and protect its remaining wild populations. Guadalupe fescue serves as a reminder that not every native plant belongs in our gardens—some are too precious and too rare to risk disturbing.

If you’re passionate about rare Texas plants, consider supporting botanical gardens, conservation organizations, or research institutions working to study and protect species like Guadalupe fescue. Your garden can still celebrate Texas’s native plant heritage with the many other wonderful grasses and wildflowers that aren’t teetering on the edge of extinction.

After all, the best native garden is one that complements rather than competes with wild ecosystems—and that means leaving the rarest treasures right where they belong.

Guadalupe Fescue

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Festuca L. - fescue

Species

Festuca ligulata Swallen - Guadalupe fescue

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA