North America Native Plant

Greenleaf Cyrtandra

Botanical name: Cyrtandra viridiflora

USDA symbol: CYVI7

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Greenleaf Cyrtandra: Hawaii’s Critically Endangered Forest Gem Meet the greenleaf cyrtandra (Cyrtandra viridiflora), one of Hawaii’s most precious and rarest native shrubs. This little-known plant is a true treasure of Hawaiian forests, but before you start planning where to plant one, there’s something crucial you need to know about this ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Endangered: In danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. ⚘

Region: United States

Greenleaf Cyrtandra: Hawaii’s Critically Endangered Forest Gem

Meet the greenleaf cyrtandra (Cyrtandra viridiflora), one of Hawaii’s most precious and rarest native shrubs. This little-known plant is a true treasure of Hawaiian forests, but before you start planning where to plant one, there’s something crucial you need to know about this remarkable species.

A Plant on the Brink

Here’s the reality check: greenleaf cyrtandra is critically imperiled. With a Global Conservation Status of S1 and listed as Endangered in the United States, this species is hanging on by a thread. We’re talking about typically five or fewer occurrences in the wild, with fewer than 1,000 individuals remaining. That’s not just rare—that’s we need to do everything we can to save this plant rare.

Where Does Greenleaf Cyrtandra Call Home?

This Hawaiian endemic is found exclusively in Hawaii, where it has evolved as part of the islands’ unique ecosystem. As a native species, it plays an important role in Hawaii’s natural heritage and forest communities.

What Does It Look Like?

Greenleaf cyrtandra is a perennial shrub that typically grows as a multi-stemmed woody plant, usually staying under 13 to 16 feet tall. Like many Hawaiian forest shrubs, it generally has several stems arising from or near the ground, though environmental conditions can sometimes cause it to grow taller or develop a single stem.

The Wetland Connection

Interestingly, this species has a Facultative Wetland status in Hawaii, meaning it usually grows in wetland conditions but can occasionally be found in drier areas. This suggests it’s adapted to Hawaii’s varied moisture conditions and likely thrives in the misty, humid environments of Hawaiian forests.

Should You Grow Greenleaf Cyrtandra?

This is where things get complicated. While supporting native Hawaiian plants is absolutely wonderful, greenleaf cyrtandra’s critically endangered status means you need to be extremely careful about sourcing. Here’s what you need to know:

  • Only use responsibly sourced plants: Never collect from the wild, and only purchase from reputable nurseries that propagate from ethical sources
  • Consider conservation impact: Growing this species could help preserve it, but only if done responsibly
  • Check local regulations: There may be specific rules about growing endangered species in your area

Growing Conditions (What We Know)

Unfortunately, specific cultivation information for greenleaf cyrtandra is limited due to its rarity. However, based on its wetland status and Hawaiian forest origins, it likely prefers:

  • Consistently moist soil conditions
  • Humid environments
  • Partial shade (typical of understory forest plants)
  • Well-draining but moisture-retentive soil

The Conservation Angle

If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants and conservation, consider supporting organizations working to preserve greenleaf cyrtandra in its natural habitat. Sometimes the best thing we can do for critically endangered plants is to protect their wild homes while supporting professional conservation efforts.

For your garden, you might consider other native Hawaiian plants that are less threatened but equally beautiful and beneficial to local ecosystems. Your local native plant society or botanical garden can recommend alternatives that will give you that authentic Hawaiian forest feel without the conservation concerns.

The Bottom Line

Greenleaf cyrtandra represents both the incredible diversity of Hawaiian flora and the urgent need for plant conservation. While it’s a fascinating species worthy of appreciation and protection, growing it requires serious consideration of conservation ethics and responsible sourcing. If you do choose to grow this rare beauty, make sure you’re part of the solution, not part of the problem.

Greenleaf Cyrtandra

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Gesneriaceae Rich. & Juss. - Gesneriad family

Genus

Cyrtandra J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. - cyrtandra

Species

Cyrtandra viridiflora H. St. John & Storey - greenleaf cyrtandra

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA