North America Native Plant

Green Medusa Orchid

Botanical name: Microthelys rubrocallosa

USDA symbol: MIRU6

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Spiranthes rubrocallosa B.L. Rob. & Greenm. (SPRU8)   

Green Medusa Orchid: A Mysterious New Mexico Native Meet the green medusa orchid (Microthelys rubrocallosa), one of nature’s most enigmatic flowering plants. This rare native orchid calls New Mexico home, but don’t expect to find it at your local garden center anytime soon. In fact, this elusive beauty is so ...

Green Medusa Orchid: A Mysterious New Mexico Native

Meet the green medusa orchid (Microthelys rubrocallosa), one of nature’s most enigmatic flowering plants. This rare native orchid calls New Mexico home, but don’t expect to find it at your local garden center anytime soon. In fact, this elusive beauty is so uncommon that most gardeners have never heard of it—and there’s a good reason for that!

What Makes This Orchid So Special?

The green medusa orchid belongs to the fascinating world of native terrestrial orchids, those ground-dwelling members of the orchid family that have adapted to life outside the tropical canopies we typically associate with orchids. As a perennial forb, it lacks the woody stems of shrubs and trees, instead growing as a herbaceous plant that returns year after year from underground structures.

This orchid was previously known by the scientific synonym Spiranthes rubrocallosa, placing it in the ladies’ tresses group of orchids, known for their distinctive spiral flower arrangements.

Where Does It Grow?

The green medusa orchid is native to the lower 48 states, but its distribution is incredibly limited—currently documented only in New Mexico. This restricted range makes it one of the more geographically confined orchids in North America.

Should You Try Growing It?

Here’s where we need to pump the brakes a bit. While the idea of growing a rare native orchid might sound appealing, the green medusa orchid presents several challenges that make it unsuitable for typical home gardens:

  • Extremely limited availability—you won’t find this at nurseries
  • Unknown cultivation requirements and growing conditions
  • Potentially rare status requiring conservation consideration
  • Specialized orchid-growing expertise likely required
  • Unknown propagation methods

Better Native Alternatives for Your Garden

If you’re interested in supporting native plants in your New Mexico landscape, consider these more readily available and garden-friendly alternatives:

  • Desert marigold (Baileya multiradiata)
  • Purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea)
  • Blanket flower (Gaillardia aristata)
  • Wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa)

These natives offer reliable garden performance while supporting local ecosystems and pollinators.

The Bottom Line

The green medusa orchid remains one of nature’s mysterious beauties—fascinating to learn about but best appreciated in its natural habitat rather than in our gardens. Its rarity and unknown cultivation requirements make it a plant for specialized researchers and conservationists rather than home gardeners.

Instead of seeking out this elusive orchid, channel your native plant enthusiasm toward more accessible species that can thrive in garden settings while still supporting your local ecosystem. Your garden (and the local wildlife) will thank you for choosing plants that are both beautiful and practical!

Green Medusa Orchid

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Orchidales

Family

Orchidaceae Juss. - Orchid family

Genus

Microthelys Garay - green medusa orchid

Species

Microthelys rubrocallosa (B.L. Rob. & Greenm.) Garay - green medusa orchid

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA