North America Native Plant

Greater Yellowthroat Gilia

Botanical name: Gilia tenuiflora arenaria

USDA symbol: GITEA2

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Greater Yellowthroat Gilia: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting Meet the greater yellowthroat gilia (Gilia tenuiflora arenaria), a delicate annual wildflower that represents both the beauty and fragility of California’s native plant communities. This charming little forb might not be the showiest plant in your garden, but it carries significant ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: S3S4T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Endangered: In danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. ⚘

Region: United States

Greater Yellowthroat Gilia: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting

Meet the greater yellowthroat gilia (Gilia tenuiflora arenaria), a delicate annual wildflower that represents both the beauty and fragility of California’s native plant communities. This charming little forb might not be the showiest plant in your garden, but it carries significant ecological importance that makes it worthy of our attention and protection.

A Plant with a Story

The greater yellowthroat gilia is exclusively native to California, making it a true Golden State original. As an annual forb, this herbaceous plant completes its entire life cycle within a single growing season, producing delicate flowers before setting seed and starting the cycle anew. Like other forbs, it lacks the woody tissue of shrubs and trees, instead relying on its herbaceous stems and leaves to capture sunlight and produce energy.

Where Does It Call Home?

This native beauty is found only in California, representing a piece of the state’s unique botanical heritage. However, its limited distribution makes it particularly precious in the native plant world.

An Important Conservation Note

Here’s where things get serious, fellow gardeners. The greater yellowthroat gilia carries an endangered status in Monterey, United States, with a global conservation ranking that indicates concern for its long-term survival. This isn’t just another pretty wildflower – it’s a species that needs our help.

If you’re considering adding this plant to your garden, please ensure you source it responsibly. This means:

  • Only purchase from reputable native plant nurseries
  • Verify that seeds or plants are ethically collected, not wild-harvested
  • Consider supporting conservation efforts for this species
  • Never collect seeds or plants from wild populations

Garden Potential and Design Role

When responsibly sourced, the greater yellowthroat gilia can play a valuable role in native California gardens. As an annual, it works beautifully in:

  • Native wildflower meadows
  • Naturalistic landscape designs
  • Seasonal color displays
  • Conservation-focused gardens

Its delicate nature makes it perfect for gardeners who appreciate subtle beauty over bold statements. Think of it as nature’s watercolor rather than an oil painting.

Growing Considerations

While specific growing information for this particular variety is limited, native California annuals typically thrive with:

  • Well-draining soils
  • Mediterranean climate conditions
  • Minimal summer water once established
  • Full sun to partial shade

As an annual, you’ll need to allow it to self-seed or collect seeds for next year’s display. The timing of germination often depends on winter rains, so patience is key.

The Bigger Picture

Growing rare natives like the greater yellowthroat gilia isn’t just about adding another plant to your garden – it’s about participating in conservation. Every responsibly grown plant represents genetic diversity preserved, habitat recreated, and awareness raised about California’s irreplaceable botanical heritage.

While we don’t have extensive data on its specific wildlife benefits, most Gilia species support local ecosystems by providing nectar for small pollinators and seeds for birds. By including rare natives in our gardens, we create stepping stones that help maintain the complex web of relationships that make California’s ecosystems so special.

Should You Grow It?

The greater yellowthroat gilia presents a unique opportunity for the conservation-minded gardener. If you can source it responsibly and provide appropriate growing conditions, you’ll be doing more than just gardening – you’ll be participating in the preservation of California’s natural heritage.

However, if you can’t find ethically sourced material, consider supporting this species in other ways: donate to native plant conservation organizations, participate in habitat restoration projects, or simply spread awareness about the importance of protecting rare natives.

Sometimes the most meaningful plants in our gardens are the ones that remind us of our responsibility as stewards of the natural world.

Greater Yellowthroat Gilia

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Solanales

Family

Polemoniaceae Juss. - Phlox family

Genus

Gilia Ruiz & Pav. - gilia

Species

Gilia tenuiflora Benth. - greater yellowthroat gilia

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA