North America Native Plant

Great Lakes Wheatgrass

Botanical name: Elymus lanceolatus psammophilus

USDA symbol: ELLAP

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Canada ⚘ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Agropyron dasystachyum (Hook.) Scribn. & J.G. Sm. ssp. psammophilum (J.M. Gillett & H. Senn) D.R. Dewey (AGDAP)  ⚘  Agropyron dasystachyum (Hook.) Scribn. & J.G. Sm. var. psammophilum (J.M. Gillett & H. Senn) E.G. Voss (AGDAP2)  ⚘  Agropyron psammophilum J.M. Gillett & H. Senn (AGPS2)  ⚘  Elytrigia dasystachya (Hook.) Á. Löve & D. Löve ssp. psammophila (J.M. Gillett & H. Senn) D.R. Dewey (ELDAP)  ⚘  Elytrigia dasystachya (Hook.) Á. Löve & D. Löve var. psammophila (J.M. Gillett & H. Senn) Cronquist (ELDAP2)   

Great Lakes Wheatgrass: A Hardy Native Grass for Great Lakes Gardens If you’re looking to add some authentic Great Lakes character to your landscape, Great Lakes wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus psammophilus) might just be the unsung hero your garden needs. This perennial native grass brings both beauty and ecological benefits to ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Great Lakes Wheatgrass: A Hardy Native Grass for Great Lakes Gardens

If you’re looking to add some authentic Great Lakes character to your landscape, Great Lakes wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus psammophilus) might just be the unsung hero your garden needs. This perennial native grass brings both beauty and ecological benefits to the right setting, though it’s definitely got some specific preferences you’ll want to know about.

What Makes Great Lakes Wheatgrass Special?

Great Lakes wheatgrass is a subspecies of the more widely known thickspike wheatgrass, but this particular variety has evolved specifically for the Great Lakes region. The name psammophilus literally means sand-loving, which gives us a big clue about where this grass feels most at home. As a true native perennial, it’s perfectly adapted to the unique conditions found around the Great Lakes.

Where Does It Call Home?

This grass has a pretty specific address – you’ll find it naturally growing in Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Michigan, and Wisconsin. It’s native to both Canada and the lower 48 states, making it a true cross-border botanical citizen. If you live in or near the Great Lakes region, you’re in the sweet spot for growing this adaptable native.

Why Consider Great Lakes Wheatgrass for Your Landscape?

Here’s where this grass really shines – it’s built for the specific challenges of Great Lakes gardening:

  • Sandy soil specialist: If you’re struggling with sandy or well-draining soils where other plants struggle, this grass thrives
  • True regional native: Supporting local ecosystems and wildlife that have co-evolved with this species
  • Perennial reliability: Once established, it comes back year after year without replanting
  • Low-maintenance appeal: Native grasses typically require less water and fertilizer than non-native alternatives

What to Expect

Great Lakes wheatgrass is part of the grass family (along with sedges, rushes, and other grass-like plants), so expect the classic grass growth habit with narrow leaves and seed heads. While specific details about its mature size aren’t readily available, most wheatgrasses form attractive clumps that work well in naturalistic plantings.

Growing Great Lakes Wheatgrass Successfully

The key to success with this grass is understanding its sand-loving nature. Here’s what it’s likely looking for:

  • Soil: Well-draining, sandy soils are ideal – avoid heavy clay or constantly moist conditions
  • Sun exposure: Most native grasses prefer full sun to partial sun conditions
  • Climate: Adapted to Great Lakes climate patterns, including cold winters and variable precipitation
  • Establishment: Be patient during the first year as native grasses often focus on root development before showing dramatic top growth

Perfect Garden Roles

Great Lakes wheatgrass works beautifully in:

  • Native plant gardens and prairie restorations
  • Erosion control on sandy slopes
  • Low-water landscapes and xeriscaping
  • Wildlife habitat gardens
  • Naturalistic borders and meadow plantings

A Word About Rarity

This grass has a conservation status of S5T3, which suggests it may have some regional rarity considerations. If you’re interested in growing Great Lakes wheatgrass, make sure to source your plants or seeds from reputable native plant suppliers who practice ethical collection methods.

The Bottom Line

Great Lakes wheatgrass isn’t going to be the showstopper of your garden – it’s more of a quiet, reliable team player. If you’re gardening in the Great Lakes region and dealing with sandy soils, or if you’re passionate about supporting truly local native plants, this grass deserves serious consideration. It may not have the flashy flowers of some natives, but it brings authentic regional character and ecological value that’s hard to beat.

Just remember: this is a plant that knows what it wants (sandy soil, Great Lakes climate), and when you give it those conditions, it’ll reward you with years of low-maintenance, ecologically beneficial growth.

Great Lakes Wheatgrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Elymus L. - wildrye

Species

Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. & J.G. Sm.) Gould - thickspike wheatgrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA