North America Native Plant

Gray’s Licorice-root

Botanical name: Ligusticum grayi

USDA symbol: LIGR

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Gray’s Licorice-Root: A Hidden Gem Among Western Native Plants If you’re passionate about native gardening and love discovering lesser-known species, Gray’s licorice-root (Ligusticum grayi) might just pique your interest. This perennial herb belongs to the carrot family and offers gardeners a chance to grow something truly unique – though admittedly, ...

Gray’s Licorice-Root: A Hidden Gem Among Western Native Plants

If you’re passionate about native gardening and love discovering lesser-known species, Gray’s licorice-root (Ligusticum grayi) might just pique your interest. This perennial herb belongs to the carrot family and offers gardeners a chance to grow something truly unique – though admittedly, it comes with some mysteries attached!

What Exactly is Gray’s Licorice-Root?

Gray’s licorice-root is a native perennial forb, which simply means it’s an herbaceous plant that lacks woody stems above ground. Like other members of its family, it’s a vascular plant that dies back to the ground each winter and emerges fresh each spring from perennating buds at or below the soil surface.

This native beauty calls the western United States home, naturally occurring across seven states: California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. It’s perfectly adapted to the diverse landscapes of the American West, from arid regions to mountain valleys.

Why Consider Growing Gray’s Licorice-Root?

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit challenging. Gray’s licorice-root is what we might call a gardener’s mystery plant. While it’s undoubtedly native and likely plays important ecological roles in its natural habitats, detailed cultivation information is surprisingly scarce. This makes it both intriguing and somewhat risky for the home gardener.

The Pros:

  • It’s genuinely native to western states, supporting local ecosystems
  • As a perennial, it should return year after year once established
  • Its facultative wetland status means it’s adaptable to both wet and dry conditions
  • Being part of the carrot family, it likely attracts beneficial insects

The Challenges:

  • Limited availability in nurseries
  • Scarce information about specific growing requirements
  • Unknown mature size and garden performance
  • Uncertain aesthetic appeal and garden role

What We Know About Growing Conditions

Based on its native range and wetland status, Gray’s licorice-root appears to be quite adaptable. Its facultative rating in both the Arid West and Western Mountains regions suggests it can handle varying moisture levels – neither requiring constant moisture nor demanding bone-dry conditions.

Given its distribution across such diverse western states, from the coast to the mountains, it likely tolerates a range of temperatures and growing conditions. However, without specific cultivation data, successful growing would involve some educated guesswork based on its natural habitat preferences.

Is This Plant Right for Your Garden?

Gray’s licorice-root might appeal to you if:

  • You’re an adventurous gardener who enjoys experimenting with uncommon natives
  • You’re creating a habitat garden focused on supporting local ecosystems
  • You live within its natural range and want to grow truly local plants
  • You don’t mind taking on a gardening challenge with uncertain outcomes

However, you might want to skip this one if:

  • You prefer plants with well-documented garden performance
  • You need reliable information about mature size and appearance
  • You’re looking for readily available nursery plants
  • You want predictable results in your landscape design

The Bottom Line

Gray’s licorice-root represents the exciting frontier of native plant gardening – species that are ecologically valuable but horticulturally unexplored. While we can’t provide specific growing instructions or guarantee garden success, it offers intrepid gardeners a chance to pioneer the cultivation of a truly local native.

If you decide to try growing Gray’s licorice-root, consider it a gardening adventure. Start small, observe carefully, and document your results. You might just become one of the first gardeners to unlock the secrets of successfully cultivating this native western gem!

For those seeking better-documented western natives with similar ecological benefits, consider exploring other members of the carrot family or consult with your local native plant society for well-established alternatives that support the same regional ecosystems.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Arid West

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Gray’s Licorice-root

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Apiales

Family

Apiaceae Lindl. - Carrot family

Genus

Ligusticum L. - licorice-root

Species

Ligusticum grayi J.M. Coult. & Rose - Gray's licorice-root

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA