North America Native Plant

Gray’s Cloak Fern

Botanical name: Notholaena grayi

USDA symbol: NOGR

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Gray’s Cloak Fern: A Southwestern Desert Treasure Meet Gray’s cloak fern (Notholaena grayi), a charming little native that’s perfectly at home in the arid landscapes of the American Southwest. This isn’t your typical woodland fern – it’s a desert survivor that brings subtle beauty to some of the harshest growing ...

Gray’s Cloak Fern: A Southwestern Desert Treasure

Meet Gray’s cloak fern (Notholaena grayi), a charming little native that’s perfectly at home in the arid landscapes of the American Southwest. This isn’t your typical woodland fern – it’s a desert survivor that brings subtle beauty to some of the harshest growing conditions imaginable.

What Makes Gray’s Cloak Fern Special

Gray’s cloak fern is a perennial fern species that’s native to the lower 48 states, specifically thriving in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. True to its name, this fern has a distinctive appearance with fronds that seem to wrap themselves in a silvery-gray cloak on their undersides, creating an almost mystical appearance in the right light.

Why You Might Want This Fern in Your Garden

If you’re gardening in the Southwest and looking for native plants that can handle tough conditions, Gray’s cloak fern might be your new best friend. Here’s why:

  • Extremely drought-tolerant once established
  • Adds unique texture to rock gardens and xerophytic landscapes
  • Requires minimal maintenance
  • Supports native ecosystem biodiversity
  • Perfect for gardeners who want something different from typical desert plants

Where It Thrives

This little fern is happiest in USDA hardiness zones 7-10, making it perfect for desert and semi-arid regions. It naturally grows in rocky crevices and on cliff faces, so it’s ideally suited for:

  • Rock gardens
  • Desert landscaping
  • Xerophytic plant collections
  • Areas with excellent drainage

Growing Conditions and Care

Gray’s cloak fern is refreshingly low-maintenance, but it does have some specific needs:

Soil: Well-draining, rocky soil is essential. This fern cannot tolerate waterlogged conditions and will quickly rot in heavy, clay soils.

Light: Partial shade to full sun works well, though some afternoon shade in extremely hot climates is beneficial.

Water: Minimal watering once established. During its first year, provide occasional deep watering to help establish roots, then back off significantly.

Maintenance: Very little needed. Remove any dead fronds in late winter or early spring.

Identifying Gray’s Cloak Fern

Look for these distinctive features when trying to identify this species:

  • Small, compact size compared to woodland ferns
  • Silvery-gray undersides on fronds that create the cloak effect
  • Grows in rocky, well-drained locations
  • Fronds that curl slightly, especially during dry periods

Garden Benefits

While Gray’s cloak fern doesn’t produce flowers to attract pollinators like flowering plants do, it still contributes to garden ecosystems in meaningful ways. As a native species, it provides habitat for small creatures and adds to the overall biodiversity of your landscape. Its unique texture and form create visual interest in rock gardens and complement other drought-tolerant natives beautifully.

Is It Right for Your Garden?

Gray’s cloak fern is perfect for gardeners in the Southwest who want to embrace native plants and water-wise gardening. However, it’s not the right choice if you’re looking for a lush, tropical-looking fern or if you garden in areas with heavy, poorly-draining soils. This plant rewards patience and minimal intervention – perfect for the set it and forget it gardener who appreciates subtle, understated beauty.

If you’re ready to add some native Southwest charm to your garden, Gray’s cloak fern might just be the unique addition you’ve been looking for. Just remember: less is more when it comes to care and watering!

Gray’s Cloak Fern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Pteridaceae E.D.M. Kirchn. - Maidenhair Fern family

Genus

Notholaena R. Br. - cloak fern

Species

Notholaena grayi Davenport - Gray's cloak fern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA