North America Native Plant

Graphis Grammatis

Botanical name: Graphis grammatis

USDA symbol: GRGR5

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Discovering Graphis grammatis: The Script Lichen That Writes Stories on Your Trees Have you ever noticed what looks like ancient writing or mysterious hieroglyphs etched into the bark of trees in your woodland garden? You might be looking at Graphis grammatis, a fascinating lichen that creates some of nature’s most ...

Discovering Graphis grammatis: The Script Lichen That Writes Stories on Your Trees

Have you ever noticed what looks like ancient writing or mysterious hieroglyphs etched into the bark of trees in your woodland garden? You might be looking at Graphis grammatis, a fascinating lichen that creates some of nature’s most intriguing artwork right on tree trunks.

What Exactly Is Graphis grammatis?

Graphis grammatis is a crustose lichen native to North America that forms distinctive script-like markings on tree bark. Unlike plants that have roots, stems, and leaves, lichens are actually a partnership between fungi and algae working together. The result is these remarkable white to pale yellow lines that look remarkably like someone has been writing messages on your trees with chalk.

Where You’ll Find This Natural Scribe

This script lichen calls eastern North America home, thriving in deciduous and mixed forests from approximately USDA hardiness zones 4 through 8. It’s particularly fond of mature hardwood trees like maples, oaks, and beeches, where it creates its signature writing on smooth bark surfaces.

Identifying the Script Lichen

Spotting Graphis grammatis is like going on a treasure hunt in your own backyard. Here’s what to look for:

  • White to pale yellow linear markings that resemble writing or ancient script
  • Smooth, flat growth that appears painted onto bark
  • Found primarily on hardwood trees with relatively smooth bark
  • Most visible on the shaded sides of tree trunks
  • Creates intricate patterns that can extend several inches across the bark

Is This Lichen Beneficial for Your Garden?

Absolutely! While you can’t exactly plant Graphis grammatis, having it appear naturally in your woodland garden is actually a wonderful sign. This lichen serves as a living air quality monitor – it’s quite sensitive to air pollution, so its presence indicates that your garden enjoys clean, healthy air.

The script lichen also adds unique visual interest to mature trees, creating natural art installations that change and evolve over time. It’s like having a living gallery in your woodland garden, where each tree trunk becomes a canvas for nature’s own calligraphy.

Creating Conditions for Natural Colonization

While you can’t plant lichens like traditional garden plants, you can create conditions that encourage their natural development:

  • Maintain mature hardwood trees, especially those with smooth bark
  • Avoid using chemical treatments or pressure washing on tree trunks
  • Keep air quality high by avoiding pesticides and supporting clean air initiatives
  • Allow for moderate humidity levels with good air circulation
  • Be patient – lichens grow very slowly and may take years to establish

Living with Your Script Lichen

The best part about Graphis grammatis is that it requires absolutely no care from you once it’s established. It doesn’t harm your trees – in fact, it’s just using the bark as a place to live without taking any nutrients from the tree itself. Think of it as nature’s graffiti, but the good kind that actually indicates a healthy ecosystem.

If you’re lucky enough to have this script lichen in your woodland garden, take time to appreciate its intricate patterns. Each colony tells its own story through the unique script-like markings it creates, adding an element of mystery and natural beauty that no planted garden feature could replicate.

Graphis Grammatis

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Graphidales

Family

Graphidaceae Dumort.

Genus

Graphis Adans. - script lichen

Species

Graphis grammatis Fée

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA