North America Native Plant

Gongolin

Botanical name: Ilex sideroxyloides var. sideroxyloides

USDA symbol: ILSIS

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Gongolin: A Rare Puerto Rican Native Holly Worth Discovering Meet the gongolin (Ilex sideroxyloides var. sideroxyloides), a fascinating native holly that calls Puerto Rico home. While this perennial tree might not be a household name in gardening circles, it represents an important piece of Puerto Rico’s native plant heritage that ...

Gongolin: A Rare Puerto Rican Native Holly Worth Discovering

Meet the gongolin (Ilex sideroxyloides var. sideroxyloides), a fascinating native holly that calls Puerto Rico home. While this perennial tree might not be a household name in gardening circles, it represents an important piece of Puerto Rico’s native plant heritage that deserves our attention and respect.

Where Does Gongolin Come From?

This special holly is exclusively native to Puerto Rico, making it a true island endemic. As a perennial woody tree, gongolin typically grows to impressive heights of over 13-16 feet, though environmental conditions can sometimes result in shorter, multi-stemmed growth forms. Its single-trunk growth habit gives it the classic tree appearance that makes hollies such valuable landscape specimens.

Why Consider Growing Gongolin?

If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or similar tropical climates, gongolin offers several compelling reasons to earn a spot in your landscape:

  • Native heritage: Supporting local ecosystems by growing plants that evolved in your region
  • Unique specimen: Rare plants add distinctive character to any garden
  • Tree structure: Provides excellent vertical interest and potential shade
  • Perennial reliability: Once established, offers years of garden structure

A Word of Caution: Rarity Matters

Here’s where things get important: gongolin appears to be quite rare, with limited information available about its current population status. If you’re interested in growing this native beauty, please ensure you source it responsibly. Never collect from wild populations, and only purchase from reputable nurseries that can verify their plants come from ethically propagated stock.

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing information for gongolin is limited, we can make educated assumptions based on its Puerto Rican origins and holly family characteristics:

  • Climate: Likely thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-11 (tropical conditions)
  • Soil: Probably prefers well-draining soil, as most hollies do
  • Water: Moderate water needs once established
  • Light: Likely adaptable to various light conditions from partial shade to full sun

Garden Design Applications

As a tree-form holly, gongolin could serve multiple roles in tropical landscape design:

  • Specimen tree for focal points
  • Native plant garden centerpiece
  • Natural screening when planted in groups
  • Shade tree for smaller garden areas

The Bottom Line

Gongolin represents something special—a piece of Puerto Rico’s natural heritage that deserves preservation and appreciation. While growing this rare native requires responsible sourcing and patience, it offers gardeners in suitable climates the chance to cultivate something truly unique while supporting local biodiversity.

If you can’t locate ethically sourced gongolin, consider other native Puerto Rican trees and shrubs for your landscape. Every native plant you grow helps support the incredible biodiversity that makes Puerto Rico’s flora so special.

Gongolin

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Celastrales

Family

Aquifoliaceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Holly family

Genus

Ilex L. - holly

Species

Ilex sideroxyloides (Sw.) Griseb. - gongolin

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA