North America Native Plant

Gongolin

Botanical name: Ilex sideroxyloides var. occidentalis

USDA symbol: ILSIO

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Gongolin: A Rare Puerto Rican Holly Worth Knowing About If you’re a plant enthusiast with a passion for rare and unique species, you might have stumbled across the name gongolin (Ilex sideroxyloides var. occidentalis). This intriguing holly variety has quite the story to tell, though it’s one that comes with ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S4T3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Gongolin: A Rare Puerto Rican Holly Worth Knowing About

If you’re a plant enthusiast with a passion for rare and unique species, you might have stumbled across the name gongolin (Ilex sideroxyloides var. occidentalis). This intriguing holly variety has quite the story to tell, though it’s one that comes with some important considerations for gardeners.

What Makes Gongolin Special

Gongolin is a perennial tree that belongs to the holly family, and it’s truly a treasure of Puerto Rico’s native flora. As a tree species, it typically grows with a single trunk and can reach heights greater than 13 to 16 feet, though environmental conditions might sometimes result in shorter, multi-stemmed growth forms.

Where You’ll Find This Rare Beauty

This holly variety is exclusively native to Puerto Rico, making it a true endemic species. You won’t find gongolin growing naturally anywhere else in the world, which makes it particularly special for those interested in Puerto Rican native plants.

The Rarity Factor: Why This Matters

Here’s where things get important for gardeners and plant lovers. Gongolin has a Global Conservation Status of S4T3, which indicates this plant has some level of conservation concern. This rarity status means that if you’re considering adding this species to your garden, you should only obtain plants from responsible, ethical sources that don’t impact wild populations.

Should You Plant Gongolin?

While gongolin would certainly be a unique addition to any Puerto Rican garden, its rarity status means you need to approach it thoughtfully:

  • Only source plants from reputable nurseries that propagate from existing cultivated stock
  • Never collect plants from the wild
  • Consider this plant only if you’re committed to proper care and conservation
  • Think of yourself as a steward helping preserve this rare species

The Challenge of Growing Gongolin

Unfortunately, detailed growing information for this particular holly variety is quite limited in available horticultural literature. This scarcity of cultivation information is actually quite common with rare, endemic species that haven’t been widely studied or cultivated.

What we do know is that as a Puerto Rican native, it’s adapted to tropical conditions. However, without specific information about soil preferences, water needs, sun requirements, or propagation methods, successfully growing gongolin would require significant trial and observation.

A Plant for Conservation-Minded Gardeners

Gongolin represents something special in the plant world – a rare endemic species that tells the story of Puerto Rico’s unique biodiversity. While it may not be the easiest plant to grow or source, it offers conservation-minded gardeners the opportunity to participate in preserving a piece of natural heritage.

If you’re drawn to this rare holly, consider connecting with botanical gardens, conservation organizations, or specialized native plant societies in Puerto Rico that might have more information about cultivation and ethical sourcing. Sometimes the most rewarding plants are the ones that challenge us to become better stewards of our natural world.

Remember, every rare plant we successfully cultivate and protect in our gardens represents a small victory for conservation – and gongolin certainly fits that description perfectly.

Gongolin

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Celastrales

Family

Aquifoliaceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Holly family

Genus

Ilex L. - holly

Species

Ilex sideroxyloides (Sw.) Griseb. - gongolin

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA