North America Native Plant

Giant Red Indian Paintbrush

Botanical name: Castilleja miniata miniata

USDA symbol: CAMIM5

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to Alaska âš˜ Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Castilleja confusa Greene (CACO48)  âš˜  Castilleja gracillima Rydb. (CAGR16)  âš˜  Castilleja inconstans Standl. (CAIN24)  âš˜  Castilleja oblongifolia A. Gray (CAOB9)  âš˜  Castilleja uliginosa Eastw. (CAUL2)   

Giant Red Indian Paintbrush: A Spectacular Native Wildflower for Your Garden If you’re looking to add a splash of vibrant color to your native plant garden, the giant red Indian paintbrush (Castilleja miniata miniata) might just be the showstopper you’ve been searching for. This stunning perennial wildflower brings the beauty ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: SXQ: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Presumed Extinct: Believed to be extinct. Not located despite intensive searches and virtually no likelihood that it will be rediscovered ⚘ Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Region: Conservation status by state

Giant Red Indian Paintbrush: A Spectacular Native Wildflower for Your Garden

If you’re looking to add a splash of vibrant color to your native plant garden, the giant red Indian paintbrush (Castilleja miniata miniata) might just be the showstopper you’ve been searching for. This stunning perennial wildflower brings the beauty of Western mountain meadows right to your backyard with its brilliant red-orange blooms that look exactly like someone dipped paintbrushes in scarlet paint.

What Makes Giant Red Indian Paintbrush Special?

This remarkable native plant is a true American beauty, naturally occurring across an impressive range from Alaska down through the western United States and into several Canadian provinces. You’ll find it thriving in Alberta, British Columbia, Alaska, Manitoba, Arizona, California, Ontario, Colorado, Saskatchewan, Yukon, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. That’s quite the native range!

As a perennial forb herb, giant red Indian paintbrush lacks the woody stems of shrubs and trees, instead producing soft, herbaceous growth that dies back in winter and returns each spring. This growth habit makes it perfect for wildflower gardens and naturalized landscapes where you want reliable color year after year.

Garden Appeal and Landscape Role

The giant red Indian paintbrush truly shines in native plant gardens, wildflower meadows, and naturalized areas. Its vibrant red-orange bracts create stunning focal points and work beautifully when planted in drifts or mixed with native grasses and other wildflowers. The plant’s unique appearance adds texture and drama to rock gardens and mountain-themed landscapes.

While specific height and width measurements aren’t available for this particular subspecies, Indian paintbrushes generally form attractive clumps that complement rather than overwhelm neighboring plants. Their upright growth habit and colorful blooms make them excellent for creating visual interest in the middle layer of mixed plantings.

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

One of the most compelling reasons to grow giant red Indian paintbrush is its value to wildlife. These brilliant blooms are particularly beloved by hummingbirds, whose long beaks are perfectly suited to reach the nectar hidden within the tubular flowers. You’ll also attract butterflies and native bees, making your garden a buzzing hub of beneficial activity.

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing requirements for Castilleja miniata miniata aren’t fully documented, Indian paintbrushes generally prefer:

  • Well-draining soils (they don’t like soggy feet)
  • Full sun to partial shade locations
  • Moderate moisture levels
  • Rocky or sandy soil conditions often found in their native mountain habitats

These plants are typically hardy in USDA zones 3-8, making them suitable for most temperate climates. Once established, they tend to be relatively low-maintenance, though they may benefit from the presence of nearby grasses due to their semi-parasitic nature.

Planting and Care Tips

Growing giant red Indian paintbrush can be somewhat challenging, as many Castilleja species have specific soil and companion plant requirements. Here are some tips for success:

  • Plant in spring or fall when temperatures are moderate
  • Choose a location with good drainage to prevent root rot
  • Consider planting near native grasses, as some paintbrushes form beneficial relationships with grass roots
  • Water regularly the first year to establish roots, then reduce watering as the plant matures
  • Avoid heavy fertilization, as these plants prefer lean soils

A Note About Conservation

Giant red Indian paintbrush has varying conservation statuses across its range, with some areas showing undefined global conservation rankings. When sourcing this plant, always choose reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their stock rather than wild-collecting. This ensures you’re supporting sustainable gardening practices while protecting wild populations.

Is Giant Red Indian Paintbrush Right for Your Garden?

If you’re passionate about native plants, love supporting pollinators, and want to create a garden that celebrates the natural beauty of Western North America, giant red Indian paintbrush could be an excellent choice. Its stunning blooms, wildlife benefits, and native status make it a valuable addition to naturalized gardens and wildflower meadows.

Keep in mind that this isn’t necessarily a plant for formal gardens or high-maintenance landscapes. It’s best suited for gardeners who appreciate the wild, naturalistic beauty of mountain meadows and want to create habitat for hummingbirds and other native wildlife.

With its brilliant red paintbrush blooms and important ecological role, Castilleja miniata miniata offers both beauty and purpose—exactly what every thoughtful gardener hopes to achieve.

Giant Red Indian Paintbrush

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Castilleja Mutis ex L. f. - Indian paintbrush

Species

Castilleja miniata Douglas ex Hook. - giant red Indian paintbrush

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA