Growing Geraniums: Understanding This Diverse Plant Genus
When gardeners hear geranium, they might think of the colorful bedding plants adorning summer gardens, but the true geranium genus is actually a fascinating and diverse group of plants that spans the globe. With their delicate flowers and often deeply divided leaves, geraniums offer a world of possibilities for the curious gardener.
What Exactly Is a Geranium?
Geraniums are herbaceous plants—meaning they’re soft-stemmed rather than woody—that can live as annuals, biennials, or perennials depending on the species. As forbs, they’re vascular plants that lack significant woody tissue above ground, with their growing points located at or below the soil surface. This gives them remarkable resilience and adaptability.
Where Do Geraniums Call Home?
The native status of geraniums is wonderfully complex, much like the genus itself. While they’re native to St. Pierre and Miquelon and have established themselves as non-native species in places like Greenland, their status varies significantly across different regions. Today, you can find various geranium species growing across an impressive range of locations throughout North America, from Alberta to Alabama, and from British Columbia to Florida.
The Garden Reality Check
Here’s where things get interesting for gardeners: while geraniums are widespread and adaptable, they’re not exactly wildlife magnets. Research shows that geraniums typically provide only 2-5% of the diet for:
- Large animals
- Small mammals
- Terrestrial birds
They also offer minimal cover value for wildlife. This doesn’t make them bad plants, but it’s worth considering if supporting local wildlife is a priority in your garden planning.
The Challenge of Growing Geraniums
Here’s where we need to be honest: geranium as a genus contains hundreds of different species, each with its own specific needs, appearance, and growing requirements. Without knowing exactly which geranium species you’re considering, it’s nearly impossible to give specific growing advice. Some are drought-tolerant meadow plants, others prefer woodland conditions, and still others thrive in rocky, alpine environments.
Making Smart Geranium Choices
If you’re drawn to geraniums for your garden, here’s our friendly advice:
- Research the specific species you’re considering—don’t just go with geranium
- Choose species that are native to your region when possible
- Consider the wildlife value you want your garden to provide
- Think about whether you want annual color or perennial structure
The Bottom Line
Geraniums can be lovely garden additions, but success depends entirely on choosing the right species for your specific conditions and goals. While they may not be wildlife powerhouses, they can fill particular niches in garden design when selected thoughtfully. The key is doing your homework on the specific species that catches your eye, rather than falling for the generic geranium label.
Remember, the best garden is one that works with your local ecosystem rather than against it. If you’re looking for plants that truly support local wildlife while providing beauty, consider researching native alternatives that are specifically suited to your region’s conditions and native fauna.
