North America Native Plant

Frullania Chilcootiensis

Botanical name: Frullania chilcootiensis

USDA symbol: FRCH7

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Discovering Frullania chilcootiensis: A Rare North American Liverwort If you’ve stumbled upon the name Frullania chilcootiensis while exploring native plants, you’ve encountered something quite special – and quite small! This tiny liverwort represents one of nature’s more mysterious inhabitants, quietly going about its business in ways most gardeners never notice. ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1?Q: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Discovering Frullania chilcootiensis: A Rare North American Liverwort

If you’ve stumbled upon the name Frullania chilcootiensis while exploring native plants, you’ve encountered something quite special – and quite small! This tiny liverwort represents one of nature’s more mysterious inhabitants, quietly going about its business in ways most gardeners never notice.

What Exactly Is Frullania chilcootiensis?

Frullania chilcootiensis is a liverwort, which puts it in an entirely different category from the flowering plants, shrubs, and trees we typically think about when gardening. Liverworts are ancient, non-flowering plants that belong to a group called bryophytes, along with their cousins the mosses and hornworts.

Unlike your typical garden plants, this little liverwort doesn’t have true roots, stems, or leaves in the way we usually think of them. Instead, it’s herbaceous and tends to attach itself to solid surfaces like rocks, tree bark, or even dead wood – basically anywhere except regular garden soil.

Where Does It Call Home?

This liverwort is native to North America, though its exact range remains somewhat of a botanical mystery. The species name chilcootiensis suggests connections to the Chilkoot region of Alaska and northwestern North America, hinting at its likely preference for cooler, northern climates.

Is This Liverwort Rare?

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit concerning. Frullania chilcootiensis carries a Global Conservation Status of S1?Q, which essentially means its status is undefined but potentially rare. The question mark in that designation tells us that scientists simply don’t have enough information about this species to make definitive statements about its conservation needs.

This uncertainty highlights just how much we still don’t know about many of our smallest native plants.

Benefits for Your Garden (Or Lack Thereof)

Let’s be honest – you’re probably not going to intentionally cultivate Frullania chilcootiensis in your garden, and that’s perfectly normal! This isn’t the kind of plant you’ll find at your local nursery or order from a catalog.

However, if you’re lucky enough to discover liverworts like this one already growing in your landscape, consider yourself the host to some fascinating ancient life forms. These tiny plants:

  • Contribute to the overall biodiversity of your property
  • Help create micro-habitats for even smaller organisms
  • Play subtle but important roles in their local ecosystems
  • Represent evolutionary history stretching back hundreds of millions of years

How to Identify Liverworts in Your Landscape

While you might not be able to identify Frullania chilcootiensis specifically without expert help (it’s that rare and small!), you can learn to recognize liverworts in general. Look for:

  • Small, flattened green growths on moist rocks, tree bark, or rotting wood
  • Plants that look somewhat like tiny green ribbons or scales
  • Growth that appears to hug surfaces rather than standing upright
  • Presence in consistently moist, shaded areas

Creating Liverwort-Friendly Conditions

If you want to encourage liverworts in your landscape (even if not this specific rare species), focus on:

  • Maintaining areas with consistent moisture
  • Preserving natural surfaces like rocks and fallen logs
  • Avoiding excessive cleanup of messy natural areas
  • Minimizing chemical treatments in naturalized spaces

The Bigger Picture

Frullania chilcootiensis represents something important in our native plant communities – the vast diversity of species that exist beyond what we typically notice or cultivate. While you’re unlikely to plant this liverwort intentionally, its presence (should you be fortunate enough to encounter it) indicates a healthy, diverse ecosystem.

Instead of trying to grow rare liverworts like this one, consider supporting native plant diversity by creating habitat conditions that welcome whatever native species naturally occur in your area. Sometimes the best gardening approach is simply stepping back and letting nature reveal its own small wonders.

Frullania Chilcootiensis

Classification

Group

Liverwort

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Hepaticophyta - Liverworts

Subdivision

Hepaticae

Class

Hepaticopsida

Subclass

Jungermanniae

Order

Jungermanniales

Family

Jubulaceae H. Klinggr.

Genus

Frullania Raddi

Species

Frullania chilcootiensis Steph.

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA