North America Native Plant

Freckled Milkvetch

Botanical name: Astragalus lentiginosus var. vitreus

USDA symbol: ASLEV2

Life cycle: biennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Freckled Milkvetch: A Rare Desert Gem Worth Knowing About Meet the freckled milkvetch (Astragalus lentiginosus var. vitreus), a fascinating little native plant that calls the American Southwest home. While you probably won’t find this particular variety at your local garden center, it’s worth learning about this unique member of our ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Freckled Milkvetch: A Rare Desert Gem Worth Knowing About

Meet the freckled milkvetch (Astragalus lentiginosus var. vitreus), a fascinating little native plant that calls the American Southwest home. While you probably won’t find this particular variety at your local garden center, it’s worth learning about this unique member of our native flora and understanding why some plants are better left in their wild habitats.

What Makes Freckled Milkvetch Special?

This biennial plant belongs to the legume family, which means it has the superpower of fixing nitrogen in the soil through a partnership with beneficial bacteria. The freckled milkvetch gets its charming common name from the distinctive markings that often appear on its seed pods, giving them a speckled or freckled appearance.

As a biennial, this plant follows a two-year life cycle. In its first year, it focuses on growing roots and leaves, then in its second year, it flowers, produces seeds, and completes its life cycle. It’s nature’s way of taking things slow and steady!

Where Does It Call Home?

Freckled milkvetch is native to the lower 48 states, specifically found in Arizona and Utah. This limited range tells us that it has very specific habitat requirements and has adapted to particular environmental conditions found in these desert and semi-desert regions.

A Word of Caution for Gardeners

Here’s where things get important: this variety of freckled milkvetch has a Global Conservation Status of S5T3, which indicates it may face some conservation concerns. While the exact details of its rarity status aren’t fully defined in available databases, this rating suggests we should treat it with special care.

For responsible gardeners, this means:

  • Avoid collecting seeds or plants from wild populations
  • If you’re interested in growing native milkvetches, look for other Astragalus species that are more common and available through reputable native plant nurseries
  • Consider this plant’s story as a reminder of why supporting native plant conservation is so important

Better Alternatives for Your Native Garden

While freckled milkvetch might not be the right choice for home gardens, there are plenty of other wonderful native legumes you can grow that provide similar ecological benefits:

  • Other milkvetch species that are more widely available and not of conservation concern
  • Native lupines, which also fix nitrogen and provide beautiful flower displays
  • Native clovers and vetches appropriate to your region

The Bigger Picture

Plants like freckled milkvetch remind us that not every native species is meant for cultivation. Some plants have evolved in such specific conditions or exist in such small populations that they’re best appreciated and protected in their natural habitats. By learning about these special plants, we develop a deeper appreciation for the complexity and fragility of native ecosystems.

If you’re passionate about supporting plants like freckled milkvetch, consider supporting local conservation organizations, participating in native plant society activities, or volunteering for habitat restoration projects in Arizona and Utah where this remarkable little plant makes its home.

The Takeaway

While you won’t be adding freckled milkvetch to your garden shopping list, understanding plants like this helps us become better stewards of our native flora. Every garden can be a conservation space when we choose to grow appropriate native plants and support the preservation of rare species like this charming milkvetch.

Freckled Milkvetch

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Astragalus L. - milkvetch

Species

Astragalus lentiginosus Douglas ex Hook. - freckled milkvetch

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA