North America Native Plant

Fragrant Sumac

Botanical name: Rhus aromatica var. serotina

USDA symbol: RHARS

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Rhus aromatica Aiton ssp. serotina (Greene) R.E. Brooks (RHARS2)  âš˜  Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. serotina (Greene) F.A. Barkley (RHTRS2)   

Fragrant Sumac: A Prairie Native That’s Perfect for Low-Maintenance Gardens Looking for a tough, drought-tolerant shrub that doesn’t need babying? Meet fragrant sumac (Rhus aromatica var. serotina), a delightful native plant that’s been quietly thriving across America’s heartland long before any of us started gardening. This unassuming shrub might not ...

Fragrant Sumac: A Prairie Native That’s Perfect for Low-Maintenance Gardens

Looking for a tough, drought-tolerant shrub that doesn’t need babying? Meet fragrant sumac (Rhus aromatica var. serotina), a delightful native plant that’s been quietly thriving across America’s heartland long before any of us started gardening. This unassuming shrub might not win beauty contests, but it’s the reliable friend every garden needs.

What Makes Fragrant Sumac Special

Don’t let the name fool you – while fragrant sumac does have aromatic leaves when crushed, it’s not exactly perfume material. But what it lacks in fragrance, it makes up for in character. This perennial shrub is a true native of the lower 48 states, naturally growing across Arkansas, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin.

As a multi-stemmed woody plant, fragrant sumac typically stays under 13-16 feet tall, making it perfect for smaller landscapes where you want the benefits of a shrub without overwhelming your space.

Why Your Garden (and Local Wildlife) Will Love It

Here’s where fragrant sumac really shines. This early-bloomer produces small yellow flowers in spring before its leaves emerge, providing much-needed nectar when pollinators are just waking up from winter. Those flowers later develop into red berries that birds absolutely adore.

But the real show-stopper? The fall color. This humble shrub transforms into a blaze of orange and red that rivals any fancy ornamental tree. Plus, its trifoliate leaves (that’s three leaflets per leaf) add interesting texture to your landscape throughout the growing season.

Where to Plant Fragrant Sumac

Fragrant sumac is incredibly versatile and fits beautifully into several garden styles:

  • Native plant gardens where authenticity matters
  • Prairie restorations and naturalized areas
  • Xeriscapes and drought-tolerant landscapes
  • Slopes and areas prone to erosion
  • Wildlife gardens focused on supporting local ecosystems

It’s particularly excellent as a ground cover or for filling in difficult spots where other plants struggle.

Growing Conditions That Make It Happy

One of fragrant sumac’s best qualities is its easygoing nature. This adaptable shrub thrives in USDA hardiness zones 3-8, handling everything from brutal prairie winters to hot summers with aplomb.

Give it full sun to partial shade – it’s not picky. While it prefers well-draining soil, it’ll adapt to various soil types and conditions. Once established, it’s remarkably drought tolerant, making it perfect for those set it and forget it areas of your garden.

Planting and Care Tips

The beauty of fragrant sumac lies in its low-maintenance personality. Here’s how to keep it happy:

  • Plant in spring or fall when temperatures are moderate
  • Water regularly the first year to help establish roots
  • After that, it’s largely self-sufficient
  • Prune in late winter if you need to control size or shape
  • Be aware that it spreads by underground rhizomes – great for ground cover, but plan accordingly

This spreading habit isn’t aggressive like some plants, but it does mean you’ll gradually get more plants over time. Many gardeners consider this a bonus rather than a problem!

The Bottom Line

Fragrant sumac might not be the flashiest plant in the garden center, but it’s exactly the kind of reliable, beneficial native that forms the backbone of sustainable landscapes. It supports local wildlife, requires minimal care once established, and provides year-round interest without any drama.

If you’re looking to add more native plants to your landscape or need something tough for a challenging spot, fragrant sumac deserves serious consideration. Sometimes the best garden additions are the ones that just quietly do their job while supporting the ecosystem around them.

How

Fragrant Sumac

Grows

Growing season

Spring and Summer

Lifespan

Long

Growth form & shape

Multiple Stem and Rounded

Growth rate

Slow

Height at 20 years

5

Maximum height

5.0

Foliage color

Green

Summer foliage density

Moderate

Winter foliage density

Porous

Foliage retention

No

Flowering

No

Flower color

Yellow

Fruit/seeds

Yes

Fruit/seed color

Red

Allelopath

No

Nitrogen fixing

None

Toxic

None

C:N Ratio

High

Fire Resistant

No

Foliage Texture

Coarse

Low-growing Grass

No

Resproutability

Yes

Coppice Ability

Yes

Bloat

None

Fragrant Sumac

Growing Conditions

Adapted to Coarse Soil

Yes

Adapted to Medium Soil

Yes

Adapted to Fine Soil

Yes

Anaerobic tolerance

None

CaCO₃ tolerance

Medium

Cold Stratification

Yes

Drought tolerance

High

Nutrient requirement

Low

Fire tolerance
Frost-free days minimum

170

Hedge tolerance

Medium

Moisture requirement

Low

pH range

5.0 to 8.0

Plants per acre

700 to 2700

Precipitation range (in)

16 to 55

Min root depth (in)

24

Salt tolerance

Low

Shade tolerance

Intolerant

Min temperature (F)

-13

Cultivating

Fragrant Sumac

Flowering season

Mid Spring

Commercial availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/seed abundance

Medium

Fruit/seed season

Summer to Fall

Fruit/seed persistence

Yes

Propagated by bare root

Yes

Propagated by bulb

No

Propagated by container

Yes

Propagated by corm

No

Propagated by cuttings

No

Propagated by seed

Yes

Propagated by sod

No

Propagated by sprigs

No

Propagated by tubers

No

Seed per pound

49000

Seed spread rate

Slow

Seedling vigor

Low

Small grain

No

Vegetative spread rate

None

Fragrant Sumac

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Sapindales

Family

Anacardiaceae R. Br. - Sumac family

Genus

Rhus L. - sumac

Species

Rhus aromatica Aiton - fragrant sumac

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA