North America Native Plant

Fossombronia Hispidissima

Botanical name: Fossombronia hispidissima

USDA symbol: FOHI2

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Fossombronia hispidissima: The Tiny Liverwort That’s a Garden Health Indicator Have you ever noticed tiny, green, leafy patches growing on bare soil in your garden and wondered what they were? You might have encountered Fossombronia hispidissima, a fascinating little liverwort that’s actually doing important work in your landscape ecosystem. While ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2S4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Fossombronia hispidissima: The Tiny Liverwort That’s a Garden Health Indicator

Have you ever noticed tiny, green, leafy patches growing on bare soil in your garden and wondered what they were? You might have encountered Fossombronia hispidissima, a fascinating little liverwort that’s actually doing important work in your landscape ecosystem. While it may not have a catchy common name, this diminutive North American native deserves recognition for the valuable role it plays in healthy garden environments.

What Exactly Is Fossombronia hispidissima?

Fossombronia hispidissima belongs to the world of liverworts – ancient, non-flowering plants that have been around for hundreds of millions of years. Unlike the familiar mosses you might know, liverworts like this one have a distinctly leafy appearance with small, lobed structures that lie flat against the ground. Think of them as nature’s original groundcover, long before anyone invented the concept of landscape design.

This particular liverwort is a terrestrial species, meaning it grows on land rather than in water. You’ll typically find it attached to solid surfaces like rocks, fallen logs, or sometimes directly on bare soil, rather than rooted in the ground like traditional plants.

Where Does It Call Home?

Fossombronia hispidissima is a proud North American native, with documented populations primarily in the eastern and southeastern United States. It’s part of our continent’s natural heritage, having evolved alongside our native ecosystems for countless generations.

Is This Liverwort Beneficial to Your Garden?

Absolutely! While Fossombronia hispidissima might seem insignificant, it’s actually a fantastic indicator that your garden ecosystem is functioning well. Here’s why you should appreciate finding it:

  • Soil health indicator: Its presence often signals healthy, well-balanced soil conditions
  • Erosion control: Helps stabilize soil and prevent erosion on bare patches
  • Ecosystem diversity: Contributes to the overall biodiversity of your garden’s microhabitat
  • Natural succession: Often appears as part of natural plant succession in disturbed areas

While this liverwort won’t attract bees or butterflies like flowering plants do (since it reproduces through spores rather than flowers), it supports the broader ecosystem by maintaining soil stability and providing microhabitat for tiny organisms.

How to Identify Fossombronia hispidissima

Spotting this liverwort requires getting down to ground level – literally! Look for these characteristics:

  • Small, leafy green patches typically less than an inch across
  • Lobed, somewhat translucent appearance
  • Grows flat against the surface (not upright like moss)
  • Often found on bare, disturbed soil or attached to rocks and wood
  • Prefers moist, shaded locations with good air circulation
  • May appear seasonally, particularly in cooler, wetter periods

A Note About Conservation

Here’s something important to keep in mind: Fossombronia hispidissima has a conservation status that suggests it may be uncommon in some areas. If you’re fortunate enough to spot it in your garden, consider yourself lucky! Rather than trying to relocate or disturb it, simply appreciate it where it naturally occurs. This little liverwort is doing valuable work exactly where it chose to grow.

Creating Liverwort-Friendly Conditions

While you can’t exactly plant liverworts like traditional garden plants, you can certainly create conditions that welcome them:

  • Maintain areas of bare, undisturbed soil in shaded spots
  • Avoid heavy mulching in every corner of your garden
  • Keep some areas with natural moisture retention
  • Minimize chemical treatments that could disrupt soil organisms
  • Allow fallen logs and rocks to remain in naturalized areas

The Bottom Line

Fossombronia hispidissima may be small and easy to overlook, but it’s a wonderful sign of a healthy, functioning garden ecosystem. Rather than something to remove or worry about, consider it a tiny certificate of approval from nature itself. If you spot this little liverwort in your landscape, take a moment to appreciate the complex, interconnected world thriving right under your feet – and maybe leave that patch of messy garden space exactly as it is.

Fossombronia Hispidissima

Classification

Group

Liverwort

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Hepaticophyta - Liverworts

Subdivision

Hepaticae

Class

Hepaticopsida

Subclass

Jungermanniae

Order

Metzgeriales

Family

Fossombroniaceae Hazsl.

Genus

Fossombronia Raddi

Species

Fossombronia hispidissima Steph.

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA