Forest Sandalwood: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting in Your Garden
If you’re passionate about native Hawaiian plants and want to grow something truly special, forest sandalwood (Santalum freycinetianum var. freycinetianum) might just be the perfect addition to your garden. This aromatic shrub isn’t just another pretty plant – it’s a piece of Hawaiian natural and cultural history that deserves our attention and care.
What Makes Forest Sandalwood Special?
Forest sandalwood is a perennial shrub that’s as Hawaiian as it gets. This multi-stemmed woody plant typically grows to about 13-16 feet tall, though it can sometimes stretch a bit taller depending on growing conditions. What really sets it apart is its wonderfully fragrant wood – the same characteristic that made Hawaiian sandalwood so prized historically.
You might also see this plant listed under its scientific synonym, Santalum freycinetianum Gaudich. var. longifolium, but don’t let the fancy names intimidate you. At its heart, this is simply a beautiful, slow-growing Hawaiian native that belongs in more island gardens.
Where Does It Call Home?
Forest sandalwood is exclusively native to Hawaii, where it naturally grows in the state’s dry to mesic forests. This plant has evolved specifically for Hawaiian conditions, making it perfectly adapted to island life.
A Word About Rarity
Here’s something important to know: Forest sandalwood has a Global Conservation Status of S3T3, which indicates it’s considered rare and potentially vulnerable. This means if you decide to grow this beautiful native, you’ll want to source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries or conservation programs. Never collect from wild populations – let’s help protect what’s left of these precious plants in their natural habitats.
Why Consider Forest Sandalwood for Your Garden?
Beyond its conservation value, forest sandalwood brings several benefits to your landscape:
- It’s a true Hawaiian native, supporting local ecosystems
- The aromatic wood adds a sensory element to your garden
- It’s drought-tolerant once established, perfect for water-wise landscaping
- Slow, steady growth means low maintenance
- Cultural and historical significance adds meaning to your plantings
Perfect Garden Settings
Forest sandalwood shines in native Hawaiian plant gardens, xerophytic (dry) landscapes, and anywhere you want to showcase authentic Hawaiian flora. It works beautifully as a specimen plant where its form and fragrance can be appreciated, or as part of a larger native plant collection.
Growing Conditions and Care
The good news is that once you understand its needs, forest sandalwood isn’t particularly fussy. Here’s what it loves:
- Drainage: Well-draining soil is absolutely essential – this plant hates wet feet
- Light: Partial shade to full sun works well
- Water: Drought-tolerant once established, but appreciates occasional deep watering
- Climate: Thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-12 (tropical and subtropical areas)
Planting and Care Tips
Getting your forest sandalwood off to a good start is key to long-term success:
- Choose a location with excellent drainage – consider raised beds or slopes if your soil tends to stay wet
- Plant during the cooler months when possible to reduce transplant stress
- Water regularly the first year while roots establish, then gradually reduce frequency
- Be patient – this is a slow grower that rewards patience with steady, sustainable growth
- Minimal fertilization needed; too much nitrogen can actually harm native plants
The Bottom Line
Forest sandalwood represents something special – a chance to grow a rare Hawaiian native that connects us to the islands’ natural heritage. While its rarity means we need to source it responsibly, having this aromatic beauty in appropriate gardens helps ensure its future while bringing authentic Hawaiian character to our landscapes.
If you’re lucky enough to live in a suitable climate and can source plants responsibly, forest sandalwood offers a unique opportunity to be part of Hawaiian plant conservation while enjoying a truly distinctive addition to your garden. Just remember: patience is key with this slow-growing treasure, but the results are absolutely worth the wait.
