North America Native Plant

Forest Peperomia

Botanical name: Peperomia hirtipetiola

USDA symbol: PEHI2

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Synonyms: Peperomia hirtipetiola C. DC. var. longilimba (C. DC.) Yunck. (PEHIL)   

Forest Peperomia: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Knowing About If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants, you’ve probably heard of the more common peperomias that grace tropical gardens. But have you encountered the elusive forest peperomia (Peperomia hirtipetiola)? This little-known native deserves a spot in our conversation about Hawaii’s unique ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Forest Peperomia: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Knowing About

If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants, you’ve probably heard of the more common peperomias that grace tropical gardens. But have you encountered the elusive forest peperomia (Peperomia hirtipetiola)? This little-known native deserves a spot in our conversation about Hawaii’s unique botanical heritage, even if it’s not likely to show up at your local nursery anytime soon.

What Makes Forest Peperomia Special?

Forest peperomia is what botanists call a forb – essentially a soft-stemmed herbaceous plant that lacks the woody tissue you’d find in shrubs and trees. Think of it as nature’s way of creating a tender, non-woody plant that’s perfectly adapted to its forest home. As an annual, this little beauty completes its entire life cycle in just one growing season, making every encounter with it somewhat precious.

Where Does Forest Peperomia Call Home?

This special plant is endemic to Hawaii, meaning you won’t find it growing wild anywhere else on Earth. It’s exclusively found within the Hawaiian Islands, where it has evolved to thrive in the unique conditions of Hawaii’s native ecosystems.

A Plant That Needs Our Attention

Here’s where things get serious: forest peperomia has a Global Conservation Status of S3, which puts it in the Vulnerable category. This means it’s either very rare throughout its range or found only in restricted areas. With typically just 21 to 100 known occurrences and between 3,000 to 10,000 individuals estimated in the wild, every plant matters.

What does this mean for gardeners? If you’re incredibly fortunate to encounter forest peperomia, it should only be through responsibly sourced material from conservation programs or legitimate native plant propagation efforts. Never collect from wild populations.

Growing Conditions and Habitat Preferences

Forest peperomia has a Facultative Upland wetland status, which is a fancy way of saying it usually prefers drier, non-wetland conditions but can tolerate some moisture. This suggests it’s adapted to the well-draining soils typically found in Hawaii’s upland forest areas.

Unfortunately, specific growing conditions, care requirements, and propagation methods for this species aren’t well-documented in horticultural literature. This lack of information reflects both its rarity and the limited cultivation attempts outside of conservation efforts.

Should You Try Growing Forest Peperomia?

Given its vulnerable status, forest peperomia isn’t a plant for casual gardening. However, if you’re involved in native Hawaiian plant conservation or have access to ethically sourced material through conservation programs, growing this species could contribute to important preservation efforts.

For most gardeners interested in supporting Hawaiian native ecosystems, consider these more readily available alternatives:

  • Other native Hawaiian peperomias that are less rare
  • Native Hawaiian ferns and other forest understory plants
  • Participating in local native plant society conservation efforts

The Bigger Picture

Forest peperomia represents something bigger than just another plant species – it’s part of Hawaii’s irreplaceable natural heritage. While we may not all be able to grow it in our gardens, understanding and appreciating these rare native species helps us become better stewards of our local ecosystems.

If you’re passionate about native Hawaiian plants, consider supporting conservation organizations, participating in native plant restoration projects, or simply spreading awareness about the importance of protecting these botanical treasures. Sometimes the most meaningful way to grow a rare plant is to help protect its wild habitat.

Remember, every native species – common or rare – plays a role in maintaining the delicate balance of Hawaii’s unique ecosystems. Forest peperomia might be small and elusive, but its story reminds us why native plant conservation matters.

Forest Peperomia

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Piperales

Family

Piperaceae Giseke - Pepper family

Genus

Peperomia Ruiz & Pav. - peperomia

Species

Peperomia hirtipetiola C. DC. - forest peperomia

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA