North America Native Plant

Folded Calicoflower

Botanical name: Downingia ornatissima var. eximia

USDA symbol: DOORE

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Folded Calicoflower: A Rare Gem for California’s Wetland Gardens If you’re passionate about California’s native flora and have a soft spot for rare beauties, the folded calicoflower (Downingia ornatissima var. eximia) might just capture your heart. This delicate annual wildflower is one of nature’s more specialized performers, putting on a ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2S3T1T3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘

Folded Calicoflower: A Rare Gem for California’s Wetland Gardens

If you’re passionate about California’s native flora and have a soft spot for rare beauties, the folded calicoflower (Downingia ornatissima var. eximia) might just capture your heart. This delicate annual wildflower is one of nature’s more specialized performers, putting on a stunning but brief show in California’s unique seasonal wetlands.

What Makes Folded Calicoflower Special?

The folded calicoflower is a true California endemic, meaning it exists nowhere else on Earth. This herbaceous annual belongs to the bellflower family and produces charming small flowers in shades of blue to purple with distinctive white centers. Despite its diminutive size, this little forb packs a visual punch when it carpets seasonal wetlands during its blooming period.

As an annual plant, folded calicoflower completes its entire life cycle in one growing season, making the most of California’s Mediterranean climate patterns of wet winters and dry summers.

Where Does It Call Home?

This rare wildflower is found exclusively in California, where it inhabits the state’s precious vernal pools and seasonal wetlands. These unique ecosystems flood during winter rains and gradually dry out as spring progresses into summer, creating perfect conditions for this specialized plant community.

A Word of Caution: Rarity Matters

Before you get too excited about adding folded calicoflower to your garden, there’s something important to know. This plant has a conservation status that indicates it’s quite rare and potentially vulnerable. If you’re considering growing this species, it’s crucial to source seeds or plants only from reputable native plant suppliers who collect responsibly and legally.

Never collect seeds or plants from wild populations, as this can harm already stressed native communities.

Growing Folded Calicoflower: Not Your Average Garden Challenge

Let’s be honest – folded calicoflower isn’t going to thrive in your typical garden bed. This plant has very specific needs that mirror its natural vernal pool habitat:

  • Seasonal flooding followed by gradual drying
  • Clay or alkaline soils that hold water temporarily
  • Full sun exposure
  • Minimal competition from other plants

The plant thrives in USDA hardiness zones 8-10, which aligns with California’s Mediterranean climate zones.

Is This Plant Right for Your Garden?

Folded calicoflower is best suited for very specific garden situations:

  • Wetland restoration projects – Perfect for recreating vernal pool ecosystems
  • Rain gardens – Areas that collect and temporarily hold seasonal rainwater
  • Native plant gardens – Specialized sections designed to mimic natural California habitats
  • Educational landscapes – Demonstrating California’s unique seasonal wetland flora

Supporting Pollinators and Wildlife

Despite its small stature, folded calicoflower plays an important role in supporting California’s native pollinators. Small native bees and other beneficial insects visit the flowers during the blooming period, making it a valuable addition to pollinator-friendly landscapes.

The Bottom Line

Folded calicoflower is definitely not a plant for beginning gardeners or those looking for easy-care additions to traditional landscapes. However, if you’re passionate about California’s native ecosystems, have the right growing conditions, and can source plants responsibly, this rare beauty could be the centerpiece of a specialized native wetland garden.

Consider this plant if you’re working on habitat restoration, creating educational landscapes, or simply want to support one of California’s most specialized and vulnerable plant communities. Just remember – with great beauty comes great responsibility when it comes to rare native plants.

Folded Calicoflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Campanulales

Family

Campanulaceae Juss. - Bellflower family

Genus

Downingia Torr. - calicoflower

Species

Downingia ornatissima Greene - folded calicoflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA