North America Native Plant

Flatstem Spikerush

Botanical name: Eleocharis compressa var. compressa

USDA symbol: ELCOC2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Eleocharis acuminata (Muhl.) Nees, nom. inq. (ELAC4)  âš˜  Eleocharis compressa Sull. var. atrata Svens. (ELCOA2)  âš˜  Eleocharis elliptica Kunth var. atrata (Svens.) S.G. Sm. (ELELA)  âš˜  Eleocharis elliptica Kunth var. compressa (Sull.) Drapalik & Mohlenbr. (ELELC)  âš˜  Eleocharis tenuis (Willd.) Schult. var. atrata (Svens.) B. Boivin (ELTEA)   

Flatstem Spikerush: A Native Sedge for the Adventurous Gardener If you’re looking to add some authentic native character to your landscape, let me introduce you to flatstem spikerush (Eleocharis compressa var. compressa). This unassuming little perennial might not win any beauty contests, but it’s got some serious native credentials that ...

Flatstem Spikerush: A Native Sedge for the Adventurous Gardener

If you’re looking to add some authentic native character to your landscape, let me introduce you to flatstem spikerush (Eleocharis compressa var. compressa). This unassuming little perennial might not win any beauty contests, but it’s got some serious native credentials that make it worth considering for the right garden situation.

What Exactly Is Flatstem Spikerush?

Despite its name suggesting it’s a rush, flatstem spikerush is actually a member of the sedge family (Cyperaceae). It’s what botanists call a graminoid – basically a fancy way of saying it’s grass-like in appearance and behavior. This perennial native has been quietly doing its thing across North America for ages, and it’s got the distribution to prove it.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

Flatstem spikerush is a true North American native, calling both Canada and the lower 48 states home. Its range is impressively wide, stretching across numerous states including Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. It also grows in Ontario and Quebec.

Should You Plant It in Your Garden?

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit challenging. Flatstem spikerush is definitely a plant for the more adventurous native gardener. As a sedge, it brings authentic native plant diversity to your landscape, which is always a plus for supporting local ecosystems.

However, I’ll be honest with you: this isn’t a plant with a lot of readily available growing information. It’s one of those if you know, you know kind of natives that tends to fly under the radar in most gardening circles.

The Reality of Growing Flatstem Spikerush

If you’re considering adding this native sedge to your garden, you’ll need to be prepared for some detective work. Here’s what we do know:

  • It’s a perennial, so once established, it should return year after year
  • As a sedge, it likely prefers consistently moist conditions
  • Its wide native range suggests it’s fairly adaptable to different climates
  • Being a graminoid, it probably works well in naturalized or wetland garden settings

A Plant for Patient Gardeners

The truth is, flatstem spikerush might be better appreciated by those who love the idea of growing lesser-known natives rather than gardeners looking for immediate visual impact or detailed growing guides. Its value lies more in its ecological authenticity than its ornamental appeal.

If you’re drawn to this plant, your best bet is to observe it in its natural habitat first. Pay attention to where it grows, what conditions it seems to prefer, and what other plants it associates with. This field research will give you the best clues for recreating suitable conditions in your own landscape.

The Bottom Line

Flatstem spikerush represents the kind of native plant that keeps dedicated native gardeners on their toes. It’s not going to be the star of your garden show, but for those committed to supporting truly local plant communities, it offers the satisfaction of growing something authentically regional.

Just be prepared to become something of a plant detective if you choose to grow it – and consider that part of the adventure rather than a drawback. After all, some of the most rewarding gardening experiences come from working with plants that make you slow down and pay attention to what they’re really trying to tell you.

Flatstem Spikerush

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Eleocharis R. Br. - spikerush

Species

Eleocharis compressa Sull. - flatstem spikerush

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA