North America Native Plant

Fivepetal Leaf-flower

Botanical name: Phyllanthus pentaphyllus pentaphyllus var. floridanus

USDA symbol: PHPEF2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Fivepetal Leaf-Flower: A Rare Florida Native Worth Protecting Meet the fivepetal leaf-flower (Phyllanthus pentaphyllus pentaphyllus var. floridanus), one of Florida’s most elusive native plants. If you’ve never heard of this little perennial, you’re not alone – it’s so rare that most gardeners will never encounter it in the wild, let ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S4T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Fivepetal Leaf-Flower: A Rare Florida Native Worth Protecting

Meet the fivepetal leaf-flower (Phyllanthus pentaphyllus pentaphyllus var. floridanus), one of Florida’s most elusive native plants. If you’ve never heard of this little perennial, you’re not alone – it’s so rare that most gardeners will never encounter it in the wild, let alone in a nursery catalog.

What Makes This Plant Special?

The fivepetal leaf-flower is a true Florida original, found nowhere else in the world except the Sunshine State. As a member of the diverse Phyllanthus genus, this petite perennial brings a unique charm to Florida’s native plant palette. Don’t let the name fool you – while it’s called a leaf-flower, it’s actually a forb, which is botanist-speak for a soft-stemmed flowering plant that lacks woody tissue above ground.

Where Does It Call Home?

This rare beauty is exclusively native to Florida, making it a true endemic species. Its limited distribution means you won’t find it popping up in gardens across the Southeast – it’s a Florida-only treasure.

The Rarity Factor: Handle with Care

Here’s where things get serious: the fivepetal leaf-flower carries a Global Conservation Status of S4T2, indicating it faces conservation challenges. This isn’t just another pretty wildflower – it’s a plant that needs our protection and thoughtful stewardship.

If you’re lucky enough to encounter this species or find ethically sourced material, you’d be participating in conservation efforts just by growing it responsibly in your garden.

Growing the Fivepetal Leaf-Flower

As a perennial forb, this plant has adapted to survive Florida’s climate year after year. Its herbaceous nature means it dies back to ground level during dormant periods, with new growth emerging from buds at or below the soil surface – a clever survival strategy for weathering tough conditions.

Garden Design Considerations

Given its rarity and specialized Florida habitat, the fivepetal leaf-flower would be best suited for:

  • Native plant collections and botanical gardens
  • Conservation-focused landscapes
  • Educational gardens showcasing Florida’s unique flora
  • Specialized native plant enthusiast collections

The Responsible Gardener’s Approach

If you’re considering adding this rare native to your garden, please remember:

  • Only source plants from reputable native plant nurseries with ethical collection practices
  • Never collect from wild populations
  • Consider it a stewardship responsibility rather than just another garden plant
  • Share your growing experience with local native plant societies to contribute to conservation knowledge

The Bottom Line

The fivepetal leaf-flower represents something special in Florida’s native plant world – a reminder that even the smallest, most obscure species play important roles in our ecosystems. While you may never have the opportunity to grow this rare beauty, knowing about it helps us appreciate the incredible diversity hiding in plain sight in Florida’s landscapes.

For most gardeners, supporting conservation efforts and growing more common Florida natives might be the best way to honor species like the fivepetal leaf-flower. After all, every native plant we nurture in our gardens is a small victory for biodiversity.

Fivepetal Leaf-flower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Euphorbiales

Family

Euphorbiaceae Juss. - Spurge family

Genus

Phyllanthus L. - leafflower

Species

Phyllanthus pentaphyllus C. Wright ex Griseb. - fivepetal leaf-flower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA