North America Native Plant

Firecracker Penstemon

Botanical name: Penstemon eatonii exsertus

USDA symbol: PEEAE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Firecracker Penstemon: A Rare Arizona Native Worth Knowing If you’re passionate about native gardening in Arizona, you may have heard whispers about firecracker penstemon (Penstemon eatonii exsertus) – a stunning but elusive native that’s as rare as it is beautiful. This perennial forb represents one of nature’s more exclusive offerings, ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T2T4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Subspecies or varieties is apparently secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the region or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Firecracker Penstemon: A Rare Arizona Native Worth Knowing

If you’re passionate about native gardening in Arizona, you may have heard whispers about firecracker penstemon (Penstemon eatonii exsertus) – a stunning but elusive native that’s as rare as it is beautiful. This perennial forb represents one of nature’s more exclusive offerings, making it a plant that deserves both our admiration and our careful consideration.

What Makes This Plant Special?

Firecracker penstemon is a true Arizona native, belonging to the lower 48 states’ indigenous flora. As a perennial forb, it’s an herbaceous plant that lacks woody tissue above ground but returns year after year from its root system. Think of it as nature’s way of creating a reliable, low-profile garden resident that doesn’t need the drama of being a shrub or tree.

Where You’ll Find It in the Wild

This particular penstemon calls Arizona home, though its distribution within the state appears to be quite limited. Unlike some of its more widespread cousins, Penstemon eatonii exsertus has chosen to be selective about where it sets up shop.

The Rarity Factor: Why This Matters

Here’s where things get serious – and why you should pay attention. This firecracker penstemon carries a Global Conservation Status of S5T2T4, which signals that it’s not your everyday garden center find. This conservation ranking suggests the plant faces some level of rarity or vulnerability in its natural habitat.

What does this mean for gardeners? If you’re lucky enough to encounter this plant or find responsibly sourced material, you’re looking at something truly special. However, it also means we have a responsibility to source any plants ethically and never collect from wild populations.

Growing Firecracker Penstemon: The Challenge

Here’s the honest truth: specific growing information for Penstemon eatonii exsertus is surprisingly scarce. This isn’t necessarily because it’s impossible to grow, but rather because it’s uncommon enough that detailed cultivation guides haven’t been widely developed.

Based on its Arizona nativity and membership in the penstemon family, we can make some educated guesses about its preferences:

  • Likely thrives in well-draining, rocky or sandy soils
  • Probably prefers full sun to partial shade
  • Most likely drought-tolerant once established
  • May require minimal water during growing season

Should You Grow It?

This is where the plot thickens. While firecracker penstemon would undoubtedly make a fascinating addition to a native Arizona garden, its rarity status means it’s not a casual planting decision. If you’re considering this plant:

  • Do your homework: Ensure any source is reputable and practicing ethical propagation
  • Consider alternatives: Other penstemon species might give you similar beauty without the conservation concerns
  • Think location: If you do obtain this plant, give it a special spot where it can be appreciated and protected

The Bigger Picture

Sometimes the most valuable plants in our gardens aren’t the showiest ones – they’re the ones that connect us to our local ecosystems and remind us of the incredible diversity that exists right under our noses. Firecracker penstemon represents Arizona’s unique botanical heritage, even if we can’t all have it in our backyards.

Whether you end up growing this particular penstemon or not, learning about rare natives like Penstemon eatonii exsertus helps us become better stewards of our local plant communities. And who knows? Your interest in rare natives might lead you to discover other Arizona treasures that are both beautiful and more readily available for cultivation.

The Bottom Line

Firecracker penstemon is one of those plants that makes you appreciate the complexity and wonder of native plant communities. While it may not be the easiest plant to find or grow, knowing about it enriches our understanding of Arizona’s natural heritage. If you’re passionate about rare natives and can source this plant responsibly, it could be an extraordinary addition to your garden. Otherwise, let it inspire you to explore the many other remarkable penstemons that call Arizona home.

Firecracker Penstemon

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Penstemon Schmidel - beardtongue

Species

Penstemon eatonii A. Gray - firecracker penstemon

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA