Figwort: A Misunderstood Native with Garden Potential
If you’ve ever wondered about those tall, somewhat weedy-looking plants with small, curious flowers that seem to pop up in wild spaces, you might have encountered figwort (Scrophularia). This humble native plant doesn’t win any beauty contests at first glance, but don’t let its modest appearance fool you – figwort has some surprising qualities that might just earn it a spot in your garden.
What Exactly Is Figwort?
Figwort is a forb – essentially a non-woody plant that dies back to the ground each year, though it can behave as either an annual or perennial depending on conditions. Think of it as nature’s version of a wildflower, but one that’s more interested in function than flashy looks. It’s a vascular plant that puts its energy into stems, leaves, and flowers rather than developing woody tissue like shrubs or trees.
Where Does Figwort Call Home?
Here’s where things get interesting with figwort’s native status. While it’s definitively native to Puerto Rico, its status in Canada and the continental United States is somewhat unclear from current records. However, figwort has established itself across an impressive range, growing in virtually every U.S. state and Canadian province you can name – from Alberta to Alabama, from British Columbia to Florida, and everywhere in between.
This extensive distribution suggests that figwort is remarkably adaptable, though it’s worth noting that some populations may be naturalized rather than truly native.
Should You Grow Figwort in Your Garden?
The answer depends on what you’re looking for in a garden plant. Figwort won’t give you showy blooms or dramatic foliage, but it offers something different: reliability and ecological value. Here’s what to consider:
The Case for Growing Figwort:
- Extremely adaptable and low-maintenance once established
- Thrives in a wide range of growing conditions
- Provides habitat and food sources for various wildlife
- Adds natural, cottage garden character to landscapes
- Excellent for naturalized areas and wildflower gardens
The Case Against:
- Not particularly ornamental compared to showier natives
- Can spread and may require management in formal gardens
- Flowers are small and unremarkable to most gardeners
Growing Figwort Successfully
One of figwort’s greatest strengths is its adaptability. While specific growing requirements can vary among the different species within the Scrophularia genus, most figworts share some common preferences that make them relatively easy to grow.
Ideal Growing Conditions:
- Tolerates a wide range of soil types, from average garden soil to somewhat poor conditions
- Prefers partial shade but can handle full sun in cooler climates
- Moderate moisture levels – not too wet, not too dry
- Generally hardy across multiple USDA zones due to its widespread distribution
Planting and Care Tips:
- Start from seed in spring or fall for best results
- Space plants adequately as they can spread over time
- Minimal fertilization needed – figwort actually prefers lean soils
- Deadhead spent flowers if you want to prevent self-seeding
- Cut back in late fall or early spring before new growth emerges
Finding Its Place in Your Landscape
Figwort works best in informal settings where its natural character can shine. Consider it for:
- Wildflower meadows and naturalized areas
- Cottage garden settings
- Transitional zones between formal gardens and wild spaces
- Areas where you want low-maintenance, adaptable plants
The Bottom Line on Figwort
Figwort might not be the star of your garden, but it could very well be a reliable supporting player. If you’re drawn to native plants, enjoy naturalized gardening styles, or simply want something that won’t demand constant attention, figwort deserves consideration. Just remember that with its widespread distribution, you might want to verify which specific species are truly native to your exact region before planting.
For gardeners seeking more ornamental native alternatives, consider researching other native wildflowers specific to your area that might offer similar ecological benefits with more visual appeal. Your local native plant society or extension office can provide recommendations tailored to your specific region and garden goals.
