North America Native Plant

Field Locoweed

Botanical name: Oxytropis campestris var. columbiana

USDA symbol: OXCAC2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Oxytropis columbiana H. St. John (OXCO13)   

Field Locoweed: A Rare Mountain Gem for Alpine Gardens If you’re dreaming of creating an authentic mountain meadow in your garden, field locoweed might just be the native wildflower you’ve been searching for. This charming perennial brings a splash of purple to rocky slopes and alpine gardens, though it comes ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Field Locoweed: A Rare Mountain Gem for Alpine Gardens

If you’re dreaming of creating an authentic mountain meadow in your garden, field locoweed might just be the native wildflower you’ve been searching for. This charming perennial brings a splash of purple to rocky slopes and alpine gardens, though it comes with some important considerations for the conscientious gardener.

What is Field Locoweed?

Field locoweed (Oxytropis campestris var. columbiana) is a native North American wildflower that belongs to the legume family. This hardy perennial forb grows naturally in the mountainous regions of British Columbia, Montana, and Washington, where it has adapted to harsh alpine conditions.

Also known by its scientific synonym Oxytropis columbiana H. St. John, this plant is a true mountain dweller that thrives in environments where many other plants struggle to survive.

A Rare Beauty Worth Protecting

Here’s something important to know upfront: field locoweed has a Global Conservation Status of S5T1, indicating it’s quite rare in the wild. If you’re interested in growing this native beauty, make sure you source it from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their own stock rather than wild-collect plants.

What Makes Field Locoweed Special?

This low-growing perennial offers several appealing characteristics:

  • Clusters of purple to violet pea-like flowers that bloom in dense, showy spikes
  • Silvery-green compound leaves that add texture and visual interest
  • Compact growth habit perfect for rock gardens and alpine settings
  • Attracts native bees, butterflies, and other pollinators with nectar-rich blooms
  • Extremely hardy and drought-tolerant once established

Is Field Locoweed Right for Your Garden?

Field locoweed isn’t your typical backyard flower. It’s best suited for gardeners who want to create authentic native plant communities or specialize in alpine gardening. Consider this plant if you have:

  • A rock garden or alpine garden setup
  • Well-draining, rocky or sandy soil
  • A cool climate (USDA hardiness zones 3-6)
  • Full sun exposure
  • Interest in supporting native pollinators

However, field locoweed might not be the best choice if you’re looking for a low-maintenance plant for typical garden beds. It requires specific growing conditions and doesn’t tolerate heat, humidity, or rich, moist soils well.

Growing Field Locoweed Successfully

Success with field locoweed comes down to mimicking its natural mountain habitat:

Soil Requirements: The most critical factor is excellent drainage. This plant absolutely cannot tolerate wet feet or heavy clay soils. Aim for rocky, sandy, or gravelly soil with neutral to slightly alkaline pH.

Light and Temperature: Provide full sun exposure and ensure good air circulation. Field locoweed thrives in cool temperatures and may struggle in areas with hot, humid summers.

Watering: Once established, this drought-tolerant native needs minimal supplemental watering. Overwatering is more likely to kill it than drought.

Fertilization: Like most native plants, field locoweed doesn’t need rich soil or regular fertilization. In fact, too much nutrition can make it leggy and reduce flowering.

Planting and Care Tips

  • Plant in spring or early fall when temperatures are cool
  • Ensure planting site has perfect drainage – consider raised beds or rock gardens
  • Space plants according to nursery recommendations (size varies by growing conditions)
  • Mulch lightly with gravel or small stones rather than organic mulch
  • Avoid disturbing established plants, as they develop deep taproots
  • Deadhead spent flowers to encourage continued blooming

The Bottom Line

Field locoweed is a specialized native plant that rewards the right gardener with unique beauty and excellent pollinator support. Its rarity makes it a conservation-worthy addition to appropriate gardens, but only when sourced responsibly. If you have the right growing conditions and an interest in authentic native plant gardening, this mountain wildflower can be a rewarding challenge.

For gardeners in warmer climates or those wanting easier alternatives, consider other native wildflowers better adapted to your specific region. Your local native plant society can suggest appropriate alternatives that provide similar ecological benefits without the specialized care requirements.

Field Locoweed

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Oxytropis DC. - locoweed

Species

Oxytropis campestris (L.) DC. - field locoweed

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA