North America Native Plant

Fernald’s Beaksedge

Botanical name: Rhynchospora fernaldii

USDA symbol: RHFE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Fernald’s Beaksedge: A Rare Southeastern Sedge Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about native plants and wetland restoration in the Southeast, you may have heard whispers about Fernald’s beaksedge (Rhynchospora fernaldii). This unassuming little sedge might not win any beauty contests, but it plays an important role in our native ecosystems ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Alabama

Status: S3S4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Region: Alabama

Fernald’s Beaksedge: A Rare Southeastern Sedge Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about native plants and wetland restoration in the Southeast, you may have heard whispers about Fernald’s beaksedge (Rhynchospora fernaldii). This unassuming little sedge might not win any beauty contests, but it plays an important role in our native ecosystems – and it needs our help.

What is Fernald’s Beaksedge?

Fernald’s beaksedge is a perennial graminoid, which simply means it’s a grass-like plant. Don’t let the name fool you – it’s actually a member of the sedge family (Cyperaceae), not a true grass. Like its sedge relatives, it has that characteristic triangular stem that gardeners often remember with the phrase sedges have edges.

This native plant calls the southeastern United States home, specifically thriving in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and Mississippi. It’s perfectly adapted to the unique conditions of our coastal plain regions.

Why This Plant Needs Your Attention (But Maybe Not Your Garden)

Here’s where things get serious: Fernald’s beaksedge is considered rare. It has a global conservation status of S3S4, and in Alabama, it’s ranked as S1, meaning it’s critically imperiled. This little sedge is hanging on by a thread in some areas.

What this means for gardeners: While we absolutely want to celebrate and protect this species, we need to be extremely careful about how we do it. If you’re considering adding Fernald’s beaksedge to your landscape, make sure any plant material comes from responsible, verified sources – never wild-collected specimens.

Growing Conditions and Care

If you do manage to source Fernald’s beaksedge responsibly, here’s what it needs to thrive:

  • Moisture: This plant loves wet feet. It naturally occurs in wetland areas and can handle seasonal flooding like a champ
  • Light: Full sun to partial shade works well
  • Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 8-10, matching its southeastern native range
  • Soil: Moist to wet soils are essential – think bog gardens or rain garden edges

Where Does It Fit in Your Landscape?

Fernald’s beaksedge isn’t going to be the star of your flower border, but it can play a valuable supporting role in:

  • Wetland restoration projects
  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Native plant preserves
  • Naturalized wet meadows

Its facultative wetland status means it can handle both wet and somewhat drier conditions, making it adaptable for transitional areas in your landscape.

The Bottom Line

Fernald’s beaksedge represents something bigger than just another plant for your garden – it’s a piece of our natural heritage that’s struggling to survive. While it may not have showy flowers or dramatic foliage, it supports the intricate web of life in southeastern wetlands.

If you’re drawn to this rare sedge, consider supporting wetland conservation efforts or volunteering with native plant societies working on habitat restoration. Sometimes the best way to garden with rare plants is to help protect the places where they naturally grow.

For most home gardeners interested in native sedges, there are other more common Rhynchospora species that can provide similar ecological benefits without the conservation concerns. Your local native plant society can help you identify appropriate alternatives that will still support your local ecosystem.

Fernald’s Beaksedge

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Rhynchospora Vahl - beaksedge

Species

Rhynchospora fernaldii Gale - Fernald's beaksedge

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA