North America Native Plant

False Breadnut

Botanical name: Pseudolmedia spuria

USDA symbol: PSSP2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Brosimum spurium Sw. (BRSP)   

False Breadnut: A Hidden Gem for Tropical Gardens If you’re lucky enough to garden in a tropical climate, you might want to get acquainted with the false breadnut (Pseudolmedia spuria). This native Puerto Rican tree might not be the flashiest plant in the garden center, but it’s got some serious ...

False Breadnut: A Hidden Gem for Tropical Gardens

If you’re lucky enough to garden in a tropical climate, you might want to get acquainted with the false breadnut (Pseudolmedia spuria). This native Puerto Rican tree might not be the flashiest plant in the garden center, but it’s got some serious staying power and could be just what your landscape needs for reliable shade and tropical character.

What Exactly Is False Breadnut?

False breadnut is a perennial tree that’s perfectly at home in the Caribbean climate. Don’t let the name fool you – while it’s called false breadnut, it’s got its own unique charm. This tree typically grows as a single-trunked specimen that can reach impressive heights of 13-16 feet or more, creating a lovely canopy that’s perfect for those scorching tropical afternoons.

Botanically known as Pseudolmedia spuria (and sometimes listed under its synonym Brosimum spurium), this tree is a true native of Puerto Rico. You might not find it in every garden, but that’s part of what makes it special – it’s like discovering a local secret that’s been hiding in plain sight.

Where Does False Breadnut Call Home?

This tree is native to Puerto Rico, where it has adapted perfectly to the island’s tropical conditions. If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico, you’re working with a plant that truly belongs in your landscape – it evolved right there alongside the local wildlife and climate patterns.

Why Consider False Breadnut for Your Garden?

There are several compelling reasons to give false breadnut a spot in your tropical landscape:

  • Native advantage: As a Puerto Rican native, it’s naturally adapted to local conditions and supports native ecosystems
  • Reliable shade: That single trunk and broad canopy make it an excellent shade tree
  • Low maintenance: Once established, native trees typically require less fussing than non-native alternatives
  • Tropical character: Adds authentic Caribbean flair to your landscape

Growing Conditions and Care

False breadnut thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-11, which means it needs that consistent tropical warmth year-round. If you’re dealing with anything cooler than zone 10, this tree isn’t going to be happy outdoors.

Here’s what this tree appreciates:

  • Climate: Warm, tropical conditions with no frost
  • Sunlight: Partial to full sun exposure
  • Soil: Well-draining soils (like most trees, it doesn’t appreciate soggy feet)
  • Space: Room to grow – remember, this can become a substantial tree

Planting and Care Tips

Getting your false breadnut established successfully comes down to a few key points:

  • Choose a location with enough space for a mature tree – don’t plant it too close to structures or power lines
  • Ensure good drainage to prevent root problems
  • Water regularly during establishment, then reduce frequency as the tree matures
  • Protect young trees from strong winds until they’re well-established
  • Consider the mature size when planning your landscape design

The Bottom Line

False breadnut might not be the most well-known tree in tropical gardening circles, but it’s got solid credentials as a native Puerto Rican species. If you’re gardening in the right climate zone and looking for a reliable shade tree with local character, it’s definitely worth considering. Just remember that successful tropical gardening often means working with what naturally belongs in your area – and false breadnut certainly fits that bill for Puerto Rican gardeners.

While we don’t have extensive information about its specific wildlife benefits or detailed propagation methods, its status as a native tree suggests it likely plays a valuable role in supporting local ecosystems. As with any native plant, choosing false breadnut means you’re contributing to the preservation of your region’s natural plant heritage.

False Breadnut

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Hamamelididae

Order

Urticales

Family

Moraceae Gaudich. - Mulberry family

Genus

Pseudolmedia Trécul - pseudolmedia

Species

Pseudolmedia spuria (Sw.) Griseb. - false breadnut

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA