North America Native Plant

Eschscholtz’s Buttercup

Botanical name: Ranunculus eschscholtzii var. oxynotus

USDA symbol: RAESO

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Ranunculus oxynotus A. Gray (RAOX)   

Eschscholtz’s Buttercup: A Rare Mountain Gem for Specialized Gardens If you’re drawn to rare alpine wildflowers and have a passion for challenging gardening projects, Eschscholtz’s buttercup (Ranunculus eschscholtzii var. oxynotus) might just capture your heart. This delicate perennial forb represents one of nature’s more specialized creations, thriving in the high-elevation ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Eschscholtz’s Buttercup: A Rare Mountain Gem for Specialized Gardens

If you’re drawn to rare alpine wildflowers and have a passion for challenging gardening projects, Eschscholtz’s buttercup (Ranunculus eschscholtzii var. oxynotus) might just capture your heart. This delicate perennial forb represents one of nature’s more specialized creations, thriving in the high-elevation environments of California and Nevada.

What Makes This Buttercup Special?

Eschscholtz’s buttercup belongs to a group of alpine buttercups that have adapted to some of the most challenging growing conditions imaginable. As a perennial forb—meaning it’s an herbaceous plant without woody stems that returns year after year—this variety has evolved to survive in harsh mountain environments where most plants simply can’t cope.

Also known by its synonym Ranunculus oxynotus A. Gray, this buttercup is native to the western United States, specifically found growing wild in California and Nevada’s mountain regions.

The Reality Check: Is This Plant Right for Your Garden?

Here’s where we need to have an honest conversation. This isn’t your typical garden-center buttercup, and there are several important considerations before you fall head-over-heels for this mountain beauty.

Rarity Concerns: This variety has a conservation status that’s somewhat undefined (listed as S5T3?), which suggests it may have limited populations in the wild. If you’re determined to grow this plant, sourcing becomes crucial—you’ll want to ensure any plants or seeds come from responsible, ethical sources that don’t impact wild populations.

Specialized Growing Requirements: Alpine plants like this buttercup have very specific needs that can be challenging to replicate in typical garden settings. They’re adapted to:

  • High elevation conditions with intense UV radiation
  • Extreme temperature fluctuations
  • Excellent drainage and often rocky, mineral-rich soils
  • Cool, moist growing seasons followed by dry periods
  • Snow cover for winter protection

Where Could This Plant Work?

If you’re still intrigued, here are the scenarios where Eschscholtz’s buttercup might thrive:

Rock Gardens: Specialized alpine rock gardens with excellent drainage and protection from hot afternoon sun could provide suitable conditions.

Container Growing: Growing in containers allows you to control soil conditions and move plants to optimal locations seasonally.

High-Elevation Gardens: If you live at higher elevations in its native range, you might have better success mimicking its natural conditions.

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing information for this variety is limited, alpine buttercups generally require:

  • Soil: Extremely well-draining, mineral-rich soil that mimics alpine conditions
  • Water: Consistent moisture during growing season, but never waterlogged
  • Light: Full sun with protection from intense afternoon heat
  • Temperature: Cool conditions with good air circulation

Consider Native Alternatives

Given the specialized requirements and potential rarity concerns, you might want to consider other native buttercup species that are more readily available and easier to grow. Many regions have local buttercup species that can provide similar aesthetic appeal without the conservation concerns.

Before purchasing, research native plant sales in your area or contact local native plant societies for guidance on appropriate alternatives that will thrive in your specific conditions.

The Bottom Line

Eschscholtz’s buttercup is undoubtedly a fascinating plant, but it’s definitely not for beginning gardeners or those looking for low-maintenance options. If you’re an experienced alpine gardener with the right conditions and access to responsibly sourced plants, it could be a rewarding challenge. For most gardeners, however, exploring more readily available native alternatives will provide better results and support local ecosystems more effectively.

Remember, the best native garden is one where plants actually thrive—and sometimes that means admiring rare species in their natural habitats while growing their more adaptable cousins at home.

Eschscholtz’s Buttercup

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Ranunculales

Family

Ranunculaceae Juss. - Buttercup family

Genus

Ranunculus L. - buttercup

Species

Ranunculus eschscholtzii Schltdl. - Eschscholtz's buttercup

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA