North America Native Plant

Epiphytic Curlygrass Fern

Botanical name: Schizaea poeppigiana

USDA symbol: SCPO

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Lophidium poeppigianum (Sturm) Underw. ex Maxon (LOPO2)   

Epiphytic Curlygrass Fern: A Rare Puerto Rican Native Worth Knowing Meet the epiphytic curlygrass fern (Schizaea poeppigiana), one of Puerto Rico’s most intriguing native fern species. While you might not find this little-known beauty at your local garden center, understanding this unique plant helps us appreciate the incredible diversity of ...

Epiphytic Curlygrass Fern: A Rare Puerto Rican Native Worth Knowing

Meet the epiphytic curlygrass fern (Schizaea poeppigiana), one of Puerto Rico’s most intriguing native fern species. While you might not find this little-known beauty at your local garden center, understanding this unique plant helps us appreciate the incredible diversity of native flora in the Caribbean.

What Makes This Fern Special?

The epiphytic curlygrass fern is a perennial species that belongs to a fascinating group of primitive ferns. Despite being classified botanically as a forb due to its non-woody tissue structure, this is definitely a true fern. What sets it apart is its epiphytic nature – meaning it grows on other plants rather than in soil, much like many orchids and bromeliads do in tropical environments.

You might also see this plant referenced by its synonym, Lophidium poeppigianum, in older botanical texts, but Schizaea poeppigiana is the currently accepted name.

Where Does It Call Home?

This fern is exclusively native to Puerto Rico, making it a true endemic treasure of the island. Its limited geographic distribution makes it a special representative of Puerto Rico’s unique ecosystem.

Garden and Landscape Considerations

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit challenging. The epiphytic curlygrass fern isn’t your typical garden plant. Its specialized growing requirements and rarity mean it’s not commonly cultivated in home landscapes. This fern typically grows as what’s called a facultative upland species, meaning it usually prefers non-wetland conditions but can occasionally tolerate some moisture.

Is This Fern Right for Your Garden?

Honestly? Probably not, and here’s why:

  • Extremely limited availability – you’re unlikely to find it for sale anywhere
  • Specialized epiphytic growing requirements that are difficult to replicate
  • Very little documented information about cultivation needs
  • Potentially rare status (though this isn’t definitively confirmed)

Better Alternatives for Fern Lovers

If you’re drawn to the idea of growing native Puerto Rican plants or interesting ferns in general, consider researching other native fern species that might be more readily available and better documented for home cultivation. Native plant societies and botanical gardens in Puerto Rico might be excellent resources for finding appropriate alternatives that can thrive in garden settings.

Why It Still Matters

Even though you probably won’t be planting an epiphytic curlygrass fern anytime soon, appreciating plants like this one reminds us of the incredible botanical diversity that exists in places like Puerto Rico. These specialized species play important roles in their native ecosystems, even if we don’t fully understand all their functions yet.

Every native plant, no matter how obscure, contributes to the complex web of relationships that keep natural habitats healthy and functioning. By learning about plants like Schizaea poeppigiana, we develop a deeper appreciation for the conservation efforts needed to protect these unique species and their habitats.

The Bottom Line

The epiphytic curlygrass fern is more of a look but don’t touch kind of plant – fascinating to learn about, but not practical for most gardening situations. If you’re passionate about supporting native plant diversity, consider contributing to conservation organizations working to protect Puerto Rico’s unique ecosystems, or focus your gardening efforts on more readily available native plants that can truly thrive in cultivation.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FACU

Facultative Upland - Plants with this status usually occurs in non-wetlands but may occur in wetlands

Epiphytic Curlygrass Fern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Schizaeaceae Kaulf. - Curly-grass family

Genus

Schizaea Sm. - curlygrass fern

Species

Schizaea poeppigiana Sturm - epiphytic curlygrass fern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA