North America Native Plant

Elliott’s Croton

Botanical name: Croton elliottii

USDA symbol: CREL3

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Elliott’s Croton: A Rare Native Gem for Wetland Gardens Meet Elliott’s croton (Croton elliottii), a charming little annual that’s been quietly making its home in the southeastern United States for generations. While it might not win any beauty contests with its modest flowers and unassuming stature, this native forb has ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Alabama

Status: S2S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Region: Alabama

Elliott’s Croton: A Rare Native Gem for Wetland Gardens

Meet Elliott’s croton (Croton elliottii), a charming little annual that’s been quietly making its home in the southeastern United States for generations. While it might not win any beauty contests with its modest flowers and unassuming stature, this native forb has something far more valuable to offer: it’s a true specialist that plays an important role in our region’s wetland ecosystems.

Where You’ll Find Elliott’s Croton

This southeastern native calls Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina home, thriving in the coastal plain regions where many other plants struggle. Elliott’s croton has adapted beautifully to the unique conditions found in these areas, making it a perfect choice for gardeners looking to recreate authentic regional landscapes.

A Plant Worth Protecting

Here’s where things get interesting – and important. Elliott’s croton isn’t just any native plant; it’s actually quite rare. With a global conservation status of S2S3 and listed as S1 (critically imperiled) in Alabama, this little annual deserves our attention and protection. If you’re considering adding Elliott’s croton to your garden, please make sure you source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate rather than wild-collect their stock.

What Makes Elliott’s Croton Special

As an annual forb, Elliott’s croton completes its entire life cycle in one growing season. Don’t expect towering heights or showy blooms – this plant keeps things simple and functional. It’s a herbaceous plant without woody stems, focusing its energy on reproduction and seed production rather than creating lasting structure.

The real magic happens in its relationship with water. Elliott’s croton is classified as a facultative wetland plant, meaning it usually prefers wet conditions but can tolerate drier soils when necessary. This flexibility makes it valuable for areas that experience seasonal flooding or inconsistent moisture levels.

Growing Elliott’s Croton Successfully

If you’re lucky enough to find responsibly sourced seeds or plants, here’s how to give Elliott’s croton the best chance at success:

  • Location: Choose a spot that stays consistently moist or experiences seasonal flooding
  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade works well
  • Soil: Prefers moist to wet soils with good drainage during dry periods
  • Climate: Best suited for USDA zones 8-10, matching its native southeastern range
  • Maintenance: Minimal care needed once established – let it self-seed for future generations

Perfect Garden Settings

Elliott’s croton isn’t meant for formal flower beds or manicured landscapes. Instead, consider it for:

  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Wetland restoration projects
  • Natural or wild gardens
  • Pond edges and stream banks
  • Areas with seasonal water collection

The Conservation Connection

By choosing to grow Elliott’s croton (with responsibly sourced material), you’re not just adding a native plant to your garden – you’re participating in conservation. Every garden that hosts this rare annual provides a safe haven and helps maintain genetic diversity in the population. It’s a small but meaningful way to support our regional biodiversity.

Setting Realistic Expectations

Let’s be honest: Elliott’s croton won’t be the star of your garden’s beauty pageant. Its flowers are small and inconspicuous, and its overall appearance is quite modest. But sometimes the most important plants are the quiet ones that work behind the scenes, supporting ecosystem health and providing specialized habitat niches that few other plants can fill.

If you’re drawn to rare natives and have the right growing conditions, Elliott’s croton could be a fascinating addition to your wetland garden. Just remember to source it responsibly and appreciate it for what it is – a specialized, rare piece of our southeastern heritage that deserves a place in conservation-minded landscapes.

Elliott’s Croton

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Euphorbiales

Family

Euphorbiaceae Juss. - Spurge family

Genus

Croton L. - croton

Species

Croton elliottii Chapm. - Elliott's croton

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA