North America Native Plant

Elko Rockcress

Botanical name: Arabis falcifructa

USDA symbol: ARFA3

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Elko Rockcress: A Rare Nevada Native Worth Protecting (But Not Planting) If you’ve stumbled across the name Elko rockcress in your native plant research, you’ve discovered one of Nevada’s botanical treasures—and one that’s best admired from afar. This little-known member of the mustard family represents the fascinating world of rare ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Elko Rockcress: A Rare Nevada Native Worth Protecting (But Not Planting)

If you’ve stumbled across the name Elko rockcress in your native plant research, you’ve discovered one of Nevada’s botanical treasures—and one that’s best admired from afar. This little-known member of the mustard family represents the fascinating world of rare endemic plants that call the Silver State home.

What Makes Elko Rockcress Special?

Arabis falcifructa, commonly known as Elko rockcress, is a perennial forb that belongs exclusively to Nevada’s unique landscape. As a native species found nowhere else in the world, this plant represents millions of years of evolution in Nevada’s distinct ecological conditions.

This herbaceous perennial lacks significant woody tissue, growing as what botanists call a forb—essentially a flowering plant that dies back to ground level each year but returns from its roots. Like other members of the Brassicaceae family, it likely produces small, four-petaled flowers typical of mustards and rockcresses.

Geographic Distribution and Rarity

Elko rockcress grows exclusively in Nevada, making it a true endemic species. However, its extremely limited distribution has earned it a Global Conservation Status of S1S2, indicating it’s critically imperiled to imperiled throughout its range.

Why You Shouldn’t Plant Elko Rockcress

Here’s where we need to have an honest conversation about rare plants and responsible gardening. While the idea of growing an exclusive Nevada native might seem appealing, there are several compelling reasons to admire this plant from a distance:

  • Conservation concerns: With its S1S2 status, every wild population matters for the species’ survival
  • Extremely limited availability: This plant is not commercially available and shouldn’t be collected from the wild
  • Specialized habitat needs: Endemic species often have very specific growing requirements that are difficult to replicate in gardens
  • Unknown cultivation requirements: Little to no information exists about successfully growing this species outside its natural habitat

Better Alternatives for Nevada Gardeners

Instead of pursuing this rare species, Nevada gardeners can choose from many other beautiful native rockcresses and mustard family members that are both garden-worthy and conservation-friendly:

  • Holboell’s rockcress (Arabis holboellii): A more widespread native with delicate white flowers
  • Desert alyssum (Lepidium fremontii): A drought-tolerant native with tiny white blooms
  • Prince’s plume (Stanleya pinnata): A showy yellow-flowered mustard family native

The Role of Rare Plants in Conservation

Plants like Elko rockcress serve as important reminders of biodiversity’s fragility and the unique evolutionary stories written in local landscapes. While we can’t bring them into our gardens, we can support their conservation by:

  • Choosing widely available native alternatives
  • Supporting organizations that protect Nevada’s natural areas
  • Learning about and appreciating our local rare species
  • Never collecting plants from the wild

Appreciating Nevada’s Botanical Heritage

Sometimes the most responsible way to love a plant is to leave it where it belongs. Elko rockcress represents the incredible specialization that occurs when plants evolve in isolation, adapting to very specific conditions over thousands of years.

While you won’t find this rare beauty gracing garden centers or native plant sales, its existence enriches Nevada’s natural heritage. By choosing abundant native alternatives for our gardens, we can celebrate Nevada’s botanical diversity while ensuring that rare species like Elko rockcress continue to thrive in their natural homes.

The next time you’re exploring Nevada’s wild places, remember that you might be sharing the landscape with botanical rarities like Elko rockcress—living links to the deep evolutionary history of the Great Basin.

Elko Rockcress

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Capparales

Family

Brassicaceae Burnett - Mustard family

Genus

Arabis L. - rockcress

Species

Arabis falcifructa Rollins - Elko rockcress

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA