North America Native Plant

Ebonyleaf Wild Coffee

Botanical name: Psychotria diospyrifolia

USDA symbol: PSDI5

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Pacific Basin excluding Hawaii  

Ebonyleaf Wild Coffee: A Rare Pacific Gem for Adventurous Gardeners Meet the ebonyleaf wild coffee (Psychotria diospyrifolia), a fascinating shrub that’s about as exotic as its name suggests. This lesser-known member of the coffee family brings a touch of Pacific island mystique to the gardening world, though it’s definitely not ...

Ebonyleaf Wild Coffee: A Rare Pacific Gem for Adventurous Gardeners

Meet the ebonyleaf wild coffee (Psychotria diospyrifolia), a fascinating shrub that’s about as exotic as its name suggests. This lesser-known member of the coffee family brings a touch of Pacific island mystique to the gardening world, though it’s definitely not your everyday garden center find.

What Makes Ebonyleaf Wild Coffee Special?

This perennial shrub is a true Pacific native, calling the tropical islands of Guam and Palau home. As part of the Pacific Basin’s native flora (excluding Hawaii), it represents the unique plant heritage of these remote island ecosystems. The ebonyleaf part of its common name hints at its distinctive dark foliage, while its membership in the coffee family (Rubiaceae) connects it to one of the world’s most beloved beverages.

Size and Growth Habits

Ebonyleaf wild coffee grows as a multi-stemmed woody shrub, typically reaching heights of 13 to 16 feet (4 to 5 meters) under ideal conditions. Like many shrubs, it develops several stems from or near ground level, creating a full, bushy appearance. In certain environmental conditions, it might surprise you by growing taller or developing a more single-stemmed structure.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

This plant has a very limited natural range, found only in Guam and Palau in the western Pacific Ocean. Its native habitat represents some of the most remote and pristine tropical ecosystems on Earth.

Should You Grow Ebonyleaf Wild Coffee?

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit challenging. While this plant sounds absolutely fascinating, there’s a catch: very little information exists about successfully cultivating Psychotria diospyrifolia outside its native range. This makes it a plant for truly adventurous gardeners who enjoy the challenge of working with rare, understudied species.

The Reality Check

If you’re drawn to this unique shrub, you should know that:

  • Specific growing requirements are largely undocumented
  • Seeds or plants are extremely difficult to source
  • USDA hardiness zones are unknown
  • Pollinator and wildlife benefits haven’t been studied
  • Propagation methods aren’t established

Alternative Options

If you’re attracted to the idea of growing a coffee family plant, consider these more readily available alternatives:

  • Native Psychotria species from your region
  • Wild coffee plants native to your area
  • Other Rubiaceae family members suited to your climate

For the Truly Determined

If you’re still set on pursuing this botanical unicorn, your best bet would be connecting with botanical gardens, particularly those specializing in Pacific island flora. They might have insights into cultivation requirements or occasionally have seeds available through specialized exchanges.

Given its tropical Pacific origins, any cultivation attempts would likely require warm, humid conditions year-round, making it a greenhouse candidate for most of the continental United States.

The Bottom Line

Ebonyleaf wild coffee represents the fascinating diversity of our planet’s flora, but it’s definitely not a beginner-friendly garden plant. While we can admire its unique place in Pacific island ecosystems, practical gardeners might want to explore more accessible alternatives that can provide similar satisfaction with far less mystery and frustration.

Sometimes the most beautiful plants are best appreciated in their native habitats – and this might just be one of those cases!

Ebonyleaf Wild Coffee

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Rubiales

Family

Rubiaceae Juss. - Madder family

Genus

Psychotria L. - wild coffee

Species

Psychotria diospyrifolia Kaneh. - ebonyleaf wild coffee

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA