North America Native Plant

Dwarf Mountain Lupine

Botanical name: Lupinus lyallii minutifolius

USDA symbol: LULYM2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Lupinus minutifolius Eastw. (LUMI6)   

Dwarf Mountain Lupine: A Rare Pacific Northwest Gem Meet the dwarf mountain lupine (Lupinus lyallii minutifolius), a charming and uncommon native wildflower that calls the mountainous regions of Oregon home. This petite perennial is a true treasure for native plant enthusiasts, though its rarity means it requires special consideration before ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Dwarf Mountain Lupine: A Rare Pacific Northwest Gem

Meet the dwarf mountain lupine (Lupinus lyallii minutifolius), a charming and uncommon native wildflower that calls the mountainous regions of Oregon home. This petite perennial is a true treasure for native plant enthusiasts, though its rarity means it requires special consideration before adding it to your garden.

What Makes Dwarf Mountain Lupine Special?

This little lupine is a forb herb, meaning it’s a non-woody flowering plant that dies back to the ground each winter and returns the following spring. As its name suggests, the minutifolius part refers to its small leaves, distinguishing it from its larger cousins in the lupine family. You might also see it listed under its synonym, Lupinus minutifolius.

Where Does It Call Home?

Dwarf mountain lupine is native to Oregon, where it likely thrives in the state’s mountainous terrain. As a native species of the lower 48 states, it has co-evolved with local wildlife and growing conditions over thousands of years, making it a valuable addition to native plant gardens.

A Word of Caution: Rarity Matters

Here’s something important to know: dwarf mountain lupine has a Global Conservation Status of S5T2, indicating it’s considered rare. This means if you’re considering adding this beauty to your garden, you’ll want to be extra careful about sourcing. Only purchase plants or seeds from reputable native plant nurseries that can guarantee their stock is ethically and sustainably collected, not wild-harvested from natural populations.

Garden Potential and Growing Considerations

While specific growing information for this particular variety is limited, lupines generally prefer:

  • Well-draining soil
  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Cool, moist conditions during growing season
  • Mountain or alpine garden settings

Given its Oregon mountain origins, dwarf mountain lupine would likely be most at home in rock gardens, alpine plant collections, or naturalized areas that mimic its native habitat. Its compact size makes it potentially suitable for smaller spaces where larger lupines might overwhelm.

Supporting Local Ecosystems

As a native plant, dwarf mountain lupine likely provides benefits to local wildlife, though specific information about its pollinator relationships and wildlife value isn’t widely documented. Lupines in general are known to support various native insects and can be important food sources for butterfly caterpillars.

The Bottom Line

Dwarf mountain lupine is a fascinating native plant that could make a wonderful addition to the right garden, especially for collectors of rare or unusual native species. However, its rarity status means it’s not a plant to choose lightly. If you’re drawn to this special lupine, make sure you’re working with responsible sources and consider it a long-term commitment to supporting native plant conservation.

For gardeners new to native plants or looking for more readily available options, consider starting with other native lupine species that are more common and easier to source sustainably. Your local native plant society can be a great resource for finding appropriate alternatives and connecting you with ethical suppliers.

Dwarf Mountain Lupine

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Lupinus L. - lupine

Species

Lupinus lyallii A. Gray - dwarf mountain lupine

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA