North America Native Plant

Dwarf Clover

Botanical name: Trifolium minutissimum

USDA symbol: TRMI20

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Dwarf Clover: A Tiny Native with Big Questions Meet dwarf clover (Trifolium minutissimum), a petite native annual that’s as mysterious as it is diminutive. This little-known member of the pea family represents one of those fascinating plant species that reminds us just how much we still don’t know about our ...

Dwarf Clover: A Tiny Native with Big Questions

Meet dwarf clover (Trifolium minutissimum), a petite native annual that’s as mysterious as it is diminutive. This little-known member of the pea family represents one of those fascinating plant species that reminds us just how much we still don’t know about our native flora.

What Makes Dwarf Clover Special?

Dwarf clover is a true native to the United States, belonging to the beloved clover genus that gardeners know and love. As an annual forb, this herbaceous plant completes its entire life cycle in just one growing season, making it quite different from the perennial clovers most of us are familiar with.

True to its name, this is one tiny plant! The minutissimum in its scientific name literally means very small or smallest, giving you a pretty good hint about what to expect size-wise.

Where Does Dwarf Clover Call Home?

This native charmer has been documented in California, though detailed information about its specific range and habitat preferences remains elusive. Like many of our lesser-known native plants, dwarf clover might be more widespread than current records suggest, or it could be genuinely rare and deserving of more attention from botanists and native plant enthusiasts.

Should You Grow Dwarf Clover?

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit challenging. While dwarf clover’s native status makes it an appealing choice for native plant gardens, the lack of available information about its cultivation requirements, growth habits, and ecological benefits makes it a tricky plant to recommend for most gardeners.

This mystery extends to several important considerations:

  • Growing conditions and soil preferences are not well documented
  • Seed availability is extremely limited or nonexistent in the nursery trade
  • Pollinator and wildlife benefits, while likely present, are not specifically documented
  • Garden performance and aesthetic value remain unknown

Better Native Alternatives

If you’re drawn to the idea of native clovers in your garden, consider these well-documented alternatives that offer similar ecological benefits with much clearer growing guidance:

  • White clover (Trifolium repens) – though not native, it’s naturalized and beloved by pollinators
  • Red clover (Trifolium pratense) – another non-native that supports beneficial insects
  • Native lupines – fellow legumes that fix nitrogen and support specialized pollinators
  • Native vetches – annual legumes with documented garden performance

The Bottom Line

Dwarf clover represents the fascinating world of lesser-known native plants that deserve more research and attention. While its native status and tiny stature make it intriguing, the lack of cultivation information makes it impractical for most gardeners right now.

If you’re a plant detective with a passion for botanical mysteries, keep an eye out for this little guy in California’s wild spaces. Who knows? You might be the person who helps unlock the secrets of successfully growing and appreciating this diminutive native treasure.

For now, though, most gardeners will find better success with the many other native plants that have clear growing requirements and proven garden performance. Sometimes the most responsible thing we can do for rare natives is to let them be while we focus our gardening energy on the many well-documented native species that need our cultivation efforts.

Dwarf Clover

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Trifolium L. - clover

Species

Trifolium minutissimum D. Heller & Zohary - dwarf clover

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA