North America Native Plant

Dwarf Alkaligrass

Botanical name: Puccinellia pumila

USDA symbol: PUPU3

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Alaska âš˜ Native to Canada âš˜ Native to Greenland âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states âš˜ Native to St. Pierre and Miquelon  

Synonyms: Puccinellia kurilensis auct. non (Takeda) Honda p.p. (PUKU)   

Dwarf Alkaligrass: The Tiny Tough Guy of Coastal Gardens Meet dwarf alkaligrass (Puccinellia pumila), a petite perennial grass that’s basically the superhero of challenging garden spots. While it might not win any beauty contests, this unassuming little grass has some serious staying power in places where other plants throw in ...

Dwarf Alkaligrass: The Tiny Tough Guy of Coastal Gardens

Meet dwarf alkaligrass (Puccinellia pumila), a petite perennial grass that’s basically the superhero of challenging garden spots. While it might not win any beauty contests, this unassuming little grass has some serious staying power in places where other plants throw in the towel.

What Exactly Is Dwarf Alkaligrass?

Dwarf alkaligrass is a native North American perennial grass that belongs to the graminoid family – think grasses, sedges, and their grass-like cousins. True to its name, this little guy stays pretty compact, forming low tufts or mats with fine, narrow leaves that have a delicate appearance despite their tough-as-nails nature.

Where Does It Call Home?

This hardy native has quite the impressive range! You’ll find dwarf alkaligrass naturally growing across Alaska, much of Canada (including British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Nunavut, and the Maritime provinces), and down into several U.S. states including California, Massachusetts, Oregon, and Washington. It’s also native to Greenland and St. Pierre and Miquelon – talk about a world traveler!

Why Would You Want This Grass in Your Garden?

Here’s where dwarf alkaligrass really shines – it’s incredibly salt-tolerant and thrives in wetland conditions. If you’re dealing with:

  • Coastal properties with salt spray
  • Areas that flood occasionally
  • Soggy spots where other plants struggle
  • Erosion-prone slopes near water

Then this might just be your new best friend! Its wetland status as Facultative Wetland means it usually grows in wetlands but can handle drier spots too, making it quite adaptable.

Garden Design Ideas

Dwarf alkaligrass works beautifully as:

  • Ground cover in rain gardens or bioswales
  • Erosion control on slopes
  • Part of a native coastal landscape
  • Transition plantings between water features and drier areas
  • Low-maintenance lawn alternative in challenging spots

Growing Conditions and Care

The good news? Dwarf alkaligrass is refreshingly low-maintenance once established. Here’s what it loves:

  • Light: Full sun to partial sun
  • Soil: Moist to wet soils; tolerates salt and periodic flooding
  • Hardiness: USDA zones 2-7 (seriously cold-hardy!)
  • Water: Prefers consistent moisture but can handle some drought once established

Planting and Care Tips

Getting started with dwarf alkaligrass is pretty straightforward:

  • Plant in early spring or fall when temperatures are moderate
  • Space plants about 6-12 inches apart for ground cover
  • Water regularly the first season to help establish roots
  • Once established, it’s remarkably self-sufficient
  • No need for fertilizers – it’s adapted to lean conditions
  • Tolerates foot traffic reasonably well

Wildlife and Ecosystem Benefits

While dwarf alkaligrass is wind-pollinated (so it won’t attract butterflies like a showy wildflower), it provides valuable habitat and food for wildlife. Small mammals and birds often use grasses like this for nesting material and shelter, and the seeds can provide food for various bird species.

The Bottom Line

Dwarf alkaligrass might not be the showstopper of your garden, but it’s the reliable friend who’s always there when you need them. If you’re struggling with salty, wet, or generally challenging conditions where other plants fear to tread, this native grass could be exactly what you’re looking for. Plus, you’ll be supporting local ecosystems with a plant that truly belongs in your region!

Sometimes the best garden solutions come in small, unassuming packages – and dwarf alkaligrass is proof that good things really do come in compact sizes.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Alaska

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Arid West

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Dwarf Alkaligrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Puccinellia Parl. - alkaligrass

Species

Puccinellia pumila (Vasey) Hitchc. - dwarf alkaligrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA