North America Native Plant

Dudley’s Monkeyflower

Botanical name: Mimulus dudleyi

USDA symbol: MIDU

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Dudley’s Monkeyflower: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about native California gardening, you’ve probably heard of monkeyflowers – those charming wildflowers that pop up across the Golden State’s diverse landscapes. But have you met Dudley’s monkeyflower? This lesser-known annual deserves a spot on every native plant enthusiast’s ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Dudley’s Monkeyflower: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about native California gardening, you’ve probably heard of monkeyflowers – those charming wildflowers that pop up across the Golden State’s diverse landscapes. But have you met Dudley’s monkeyflower? This lesser-known annual deserves a spot on every native plant enthusiast’s radar, though with an important caveat about conservation.

Meet This California Endemic

Dudley’s monkeyflower (Mimulus dudleyi) is a true California original – an endemic species found nowhere else on Earth. This annual forb belongs to the beloved monkeyflower family, known for their distinctive tubular blooms that seem to grin back at you from the garden.

As an annual, this plant completes its entire life cycle in just one growing season, making it a perfect candidate for adding seasonal interest to your native garden. It’s what botanists call a forb – essentially a non-woody flowering plant that dies back to the ground each year.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

This special monkeyflower calls California home, and only California. Its limited range makes it a true treasure of the state’s native flora, representing the unique evolutionary history of California’s diverse ecosystems.

A Conservation Concern

Here’s where things get important: Dudley’s monkeyflower has a Global Conservation Status of S3?, which indicates some level of rarity and uncertainty about its population status. This means if you’re interested in growing this beauty, you’ll want to source your seeds or plants responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries or seed banks that collect ethically.

Never collect seeds or plants from wild populations – instead, support conservation efforts by purchasing from suppliers who propagate this species sustainably.

Why Grow Dudley’s Monkeyflower?

Despite its rarity status, there are compelling reasons to include this native in your garden:

  • It’s a true California endemic – you’re growing a piece of your state’s natural heritage
  • Like other monkeyflowers, it likely attracts beneficial pollinators including bees, butterflies, and possibly hummingbirds
  • As an annual, it provides seasonal variety and can fill gaps in your native plant palette
  • Growing rare natives from responsibly sourced material helps preserve genetic diversity

Perfect Garden Settings

Dudley’s monkeyflower works beautifully in:

  • Native California wildflower gardens
  • Naturalistic landscape designs
  • Rock gardens with good drainage
  • Mixed native annual displays
  • Conservation-focused gardens highlighting rare species

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing requirements for Dudley’s monkeyflower aren’t extensively documented, we can make educated assumptions based on its monkeyflower relatives and California native status:

  • Likely thrives in USDA zones 8-10, matching California’s Mediterranean climate
  • Probably prefers well-draining soil – most California natives don’t like wet feet
  • May benefit from some moisture during the growing season, followed by a dry summer dormancy
  • Full sun to partial shade exposure

Planting and Care Tips

Since this is an annual, growing from seed is your best bet:

  • Sow seeds in fall or early spring to match natural germination patterns
  • Scatter seeds on prepared soil surface – many native annuals need light to germinate
  • Water gently until germination, then reduce as plants establish
  • Allow plants to complete their cycle and drop seeds for next year’s display
  • Minimal fertilization needed – California natives typically prefer lean soils

A Garden with Purpose

By choosing to grow Dudley’s monkeyflower, you’re doing more than just adding another pretty plant to your garden. You’re participating in conservation, supporting biodiversity, and connecting with California’s unique natural heritage. Just remember to source responsibly and never collect from wild populations.

This rare little monkeyflower might not be the showiest plant in your garden, but it carries the irreplaceable value of being authentically, uniquely Californian. In our increasingly homogenized world, that’s worth celebrating – and protecting.

Dudley’s Monkeyflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Mimulus L. - monkeyflower

Species

Mimulus dudleyi A.L. Grant - Dudley's monkeyflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA