North America Native Plant

Douglas’ Clover

Botanical name: Trifolium douglasii

USDA symbol: TRDO

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Douglas’ Clover: A Rare Pacific Northwest Native Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, Douglas’ clover (Trifolium douglasii) might just capture your heart—though you’ll need to approach this little beauty with extra care and responsibility. This charming perennial clover is one of those special plants that reminds ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Douglas’ Clover: A Rare Pacific Northwest Native Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, Douglas’ clover (Trifolium douglasii) might just capture your heart—though you’ll need to approach this little beauty with extra care and responsibility. This charming perennial clover is one of those special plants that reminds us why protecting our native flora matters so much.

What Makes Douglas’ Clover Special?

Douglas’ clover is a native herbaceous perennial that belongs to the legume family, just like its more common clover cousins. But unlike the clovers you might find scattered across your lawn, this Pacific Northwest native is incredibly rare and requires our protection. It’s classified as a forb—essentially a flowering plant without woody stems—that produces the classic three-leaflet leaves and delicate flower heads that make clovers so recognizable.

Where Does It Call Home?

This rare gem is native to just three states in the Pacific Northwest: Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Its limited range makes it all the more precious, as it has adapted specifically to the unique conditions found in this corner of the country.

A Plant That Needs Our Help

Here’s the important part: Douglas’ clover has a Global Conservation Status of S2, meaning it’s imperiled. With typically only 6 to 20 known occurrences and possibly just 1,000 to 3,000 individual plants remaining, this species is walking a tightrope toward extinction. If you’re considering adding this plant to your garden, you absolutely must source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate rather than wild-collect their stock.

Garden Appeal and Landscape Role

While small in stature, Douglas’ clover brings several appealing qualities to the right garden setting:

  • Delicate white to pinkish flower heads that appear in typical clover fashion
  • Classic trifoliate leaves that create a soft, low-growing carpet
  • Nitrogen-fixing abilities that can benefit surrounding plants
  • Authentic Pacific Northwest character for regional native plant gardens

This plant works best in native plant gardens, restoration projects, or naturalized landscapes where its subtle beauty can be appreciated and its conservation value recognized.

Growing Conditions and Care

Douglas’ clover has some specific preferences that reflect its natural habitat:

  • Moisture: As a facultative wetland plant, it thrives in consistently moist to wet soils
  • Light: Performs well in partial shade to full sun conditions
  • Hardiness: Suitable for USDA zones 6-9, perfect for its Pacific Northwest range
  • Soil: Prefers the type of moist, fertile soils found in its native wetland and meadow habitats

Benefits for Pollinators and Wildlife

Like other clover species, Douglas’ clover likely provides nectar and pollen for native bees and other small pollinators. Its flowers, while modest, contribute to the complex web of plant-pollinator relationships that make healthy ecosystems function.

Planting and Care Tips

If you’re committed to growing this rare native responsibly:

  • Source plants only from reputable native plant nurseries with proper propagation practices
  • Plant in fall when cooler temperatures and increased rainfall support establishment
  • Maintain consistent soil moisture throughout the growing season
  • Avoid fertilizers, as native legumes typically thrive in naturally fertile soils
  • Consider it a long-term commitment to conservation rather than just another garden plant

The Bottom Line

Douglas’ clover isn’t for every gardener or every garden situation. Its rarity means it requires a thoughtful, conservation-minded approach. If you’re passionate about preserving Pacific Northwest native plants and have the right growing conditions, this little clover can be a meaningful addition to your landscape. Just remember: with great botanical rarity comes great responsibility. Make sure you’re part of the solution by choosing responsibly sourced plants and supporting conservation efforts for this imperiled species.

Sometimes the most rewarding plants to grow are the ones that challenge us to be better stewards of our natural heritage.

Douglas’ Clover

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Trifolium L. - clover

Species

Trifolium douglasii House - Douglas' clover

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA