North America Native Plant

Doublehorn Calicoflower

Botanical name: Downingia bicornuta var. picta

USDA symbol: DOBIP

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Doublehorn Calicoflower: A Tiny Treasure for California’s Seasonal Wetlands If you’ve ever wondered what makes California’s vernal pools so magical, look no further than the delightful doublehorn calicoflower (Downingia bicornuta var. picta). This petite annual wildflower might be small in stature, but it packs a punch when it comes to ...

Doublehorn Calicoflower: A Tiny Treasure for California’s Seasonal Wetlands

If you’ve ever wondered what makes California’s vernal pools so magical, look no further than the delightful doublehorn calicoflower (Downingia bicornuta var. picta). This petite annual wildflower might be small in stature, but it packs a punch when it comes to ecological value and unique beauty in specialized garden settings.

What Makes Doublehorn Calicoflower Special?

The doublehorn calicoflower is a true California native, found exclusively in the Golden State. As an annual forb, this herbaceous plant completes its entire life cycle in just one growing season, making it a fascinating addition to gardens that celebrate the ephemeral nature of seasonal wetlands.

What really sets this plant apart are its distinctive small blue and white flowers, which feature the characteristic double horn appearance that gives the plant its common name. These tiny blooms may be modest, but they’re perfectly adapted to their specialized habitat.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

Doublehorn calicoflower is endemic to California, where it thrives in vernal pools and seasonal wetlands throughout the state. These temporary water bodies fill with winter rains and gradually dry out through spring and summer, creating a unique ecosystem that supports specialized plants like our doublehorn friend.

Why Grow Doublehorn Calicoflower?

This native California wildflower is perfect for gardeners who want to:

  • Support local ecosystems and native wildlife
  • Create authentic vernal pool or rain garden habitats
  • Attract native bees and other small pollinators
  • Celebrate California’s unique botanical heritage
  • Add seasonal interest to wet areas of their landscape

Garden Design and Landscape Role

Doublehorn calicoflower shines in specialized garden settings that mimic its natural habitat. Consider incorporating it into:

  • Rain gardens that collect seasonal runoff
  • Native California plant collections
  • Wildlife gardens focused on supporting native pollinators
  • Educational gardens showcasing vernal pool ecosystems
  • Low-lying areas that naturally collect winter moisture

While it may not be the star of a traditional perennial border, this little wildflower plays a crucial supporting role in naturalistic California landscapes.

Growing Conditions and Care

Here’s where doublehorn calicoflower gets interesting – it has very specific growing requirements that mirror its natural vernal pool habitat:

Climate: Thrives in USDA hardiness zones 8-10, perfectly adapted to California’s Mediterranean climate with wet winters and dry summers.

Soil: Prefers heavy clay soils or areas with poor drainage that can hold water during winter months but dry out completely in summer.

Water: Requires a unique watering pattern – abundant moisture from fall through early spring, followed by a complete dry period during summer months.

Sun: Grows best in full sun to partial shade locations.

Planting and Care Tips

Growing doublehorn calicoflower successfully requires understanding its specialized needs:

  • Timing: Direct seed in fall when winter rains are expected
  • Soil preparation: Choose areas that naturally collect water or can be seasonally flooded
  • Seeding: Scatter seeds on the soil surface – they need light to germinate
  • Winter care: Allow natural rainfall to keep the area moist
  • Spring management: Let the area gradually dry out as temperatures warm
  • Summer dormancy: The area should be completely dry during summer months

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

Despite its small flowers, doublehorn calicoflower is an important resource for California’s native pollinators, particularly small native bees that specialize in vernal pool plants. By growing this species, you’re supporting the intricate web of relationships that make California’s seasonal wetlands so biodiverse.

Is Doublehorn Calicoflower Right for Your Garden?

This charming native is perfect for gardeners who are passionate about California’s unique ecosystems and willing to work with specialized growing conditions. If you have an area that naturally collects winter water or you’re interested in creating a rain garden with authentic native plants, doublehorn calicoflower could be an excellent choice.

However, it’s not the right fit for traditional garden beds or areas that need year-round irrigation. This plant is all about embracing the natural rhythm of California’s wet and dry seasons.

For those ready to try something truly unique in their native plant garden, doublehorn calicoflower offers a chance to bring a piece of California’s vanishing vernal pool habitat right to your backyard.

Doublehorn Calicoflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Campanulales

Family

Campanulaceae Juss. - Bellflower family

Genus

Downingia Torr. - calicoflower

Species

Downingia bicornuta A. Gray - doublehorn calicoflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA