North America Native Plant

Dore’s Needlegrass

Botanical name: Achnatherum nelsonii ssp. dorei

USDA symbol: ACNED

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Achnatherum nelsonii (Scribn.) Barkworth var. dorei (Barkworth & Maze) Dorn (ACNED2)  âš˜  Stipa columbiana Macoun, nom. utique rej. (STCO3)  âš˜  Stipa minor (Vasey) Scribn. (STMI6)  âš˜  Stipa nelsonii Scribn. ssp. dorei Barkworth & Maze (STNED)  âš˜  Stipa nelsonii Scribn. var. dorei (Barkworth & Maze) Dorn (STNED2)  âš˜  Stipa occidentalis Thurb. var. minor sensu C.L. Hitchc., non (Vasey) C.L. Hitchc. (STOCM)   

Dore’s Needlegrass: A Hardy Native Grass for Western Landscapes If you’re looking for a tough, no-fuss native grass that can handle whatever Mother Nature throws at it, let me introduce you to Dore’s needlegrass (Achnatherum nelsonii ssp. dorei). This perennial bunch grass might not be the showiest plant in your ...

Dore’s Needlegrass: A Hardy Native Grass for Western Landscapes

If you’re looking for a tough, no-fuss native grass that can handle whatever Mother Nature throws at it, let me introduce you to Dore’s needlegrass (Achnatherum nelsonii ssp. dorei). This perennial bunch grass might not be the showiest plant in your garden, but it’s the kind of reliable performer that makes landscape designers do a little happy dance.

Where Does Dore’s Needlegrass Call Home?

This hardy grass is a true North American native, naturally found across a impressive range that spans from Canada down through the western United States. You’ll find it growing wild in Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and the Yukon, as well as throughout much of the American West including Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

What Does It Look Like?

Dore’s needlegrass grows in a classic bunch formation, reaching about 3 feet tall when mature. Don’t expect flashy flowers – this grass keeps things subtle with small yellow blooms in early summer that aren’t particularly showy. The real beauty lies in its fine-textured green foliage that adds gentle movement and texture to the landscape. In fall, you won’t get dramatic color changes, but the grass maintains its structure through winter before new growth appears in spring and summer.

Why Your Garden Will Love This Grass

Here’s where Dore’s needlegrass really shines – it’s practically bulletproof once established. This grass thrives in challenging conditions that would make other plants throw in the towel:

  • Extremely drought tolerant (perfect for water-wise gardens)
  • Handles poor, low-fertility soils like a champ
  • Tolerates cold temperatures down to -28°F
  • Fire tolerant (a valuable trait in fire-prone areas)
  • Moderate growth rate means it won’t overwhelm your space

Perfect Garden Roles

Think of Dore’s needlegrass as the reliable supporting actor in your landscape drama. It works beautifully in:

  • Native plant gardens and naturalized areas
  • Xeriscapes and drought-tolerant landscapes
  • Erosion control on slopes
  • Buffer zones and transitional plantings
  • Low-maintenance areas where you want texture without fuss

Growing Conditions That Make It Happy

Dore’s needlegrass is refreshingly easy-going about its growing conditions. It prefers:

  • Well-draining, medium-textured soils
  • Full sun locations (shade tolerant it is not)
  • pH levels between 6.8 and 8.0
  • Areas receiving 6-20 inches of annual precipitation
  • Regions with at least 135 frost-free days

Planting and Care Tips

The good news? This grass doesn’t need much babying once you get it started. Here’s how to set it up for success:

Starting from seed: This is your main propagation option since it’s not commonly available from commercial sources. Seeds are quite small – you’ll get about 213,000 seeds per pound! Plant in late fall or early spring, but be patient – seedlings start slowly and the grass has a relatively short lifespan for a perennial.

Establishment care: Water moderately during the first season to help roots establish, then step back and let nature take over. This grass actually performs better with minimal fertilization and low water once established.

Maintenance: Practically none required! It won’t spread aggressively, doesn’t resprout if cut back, and generally minds its own business.

A Few Things to Keep in Mind

While Dore’s needlegrass has many strengths, it’s not perfect for every situation. The seedlings can be slow to establish, and finding seeds might require some hunting since commercial availability is limited. Additionally, its subtle appearance means it won’t provide the dramatic impact some gardeners seek.

The Bottom Line

If you’re gardening in the western regions where this grass naturally occurs and you appreciate low-maintenance, drought-tolerant natives, Dore’s needlegrass could be exactly what your landscape needs. It’s the kind of plant that quietly does its job year after year, providing texture, habitat, and that satisfying feeling that comes from growing something truly adapted to your local ecosystem. Sometimes the most valuable players are the ones who don’t demand the spotlight!

How

Dore’s Needlegrass

Grows

Growing season

Spring and Summer

Lifespan

Short

Growth form & shape

Bunch and Erect

Growth rate

Moderate

Height at 20 years
Maximum height

3.0

Foliage color

Green

Summer foliage density

Moderate

Winter foliage density

Porous

Foliage retention

No

Flowering

No

Flower color

Yellow

Fruit/seeds

No

Fruit/seed color

Brown

Allelopath

No

Nitrogen fixing

None

Toxic

None

C:N Ratio

Medium

Fire Resistant

No

Foliage Texture

Fine

Low-growing Grass

No

Resproutability

No

Coppice Ability

No

Bloat

None

Dore’s Needlegrass

Growing Conditions

Adapted to Coarse Soil

No

Adapted to Medium Soil

Yes

Adapted to Fine Soil

No

Anaerobic tolerance

None

CaCO₃ tolerance

Medium

Cold Stratification

No

Drought tolerance

High

Nutrient requirement

Low

Fire tolerance

High

Frost-free days minimum

135

Hedge tolerance

None

Moisture requirement

Low

pH range

6.8 to 8.0

Plants per acre
Precipitation range (in)

6 to 20

Min root depth (in)

10

Salt tolerance

None

Shade tolerance

Intolerant

Min temperature (F)

-28

Cultivating

Dore’s Needlegrass

Flowering season

Early Summer

Commercial availability

No Known Source

Fruit/seed abundance

Medium

Fruit/seed season

Summer to Summer

Fruit/seed persistence

No

Propagated by bare root

No

Propagated by bulb

No

Propagated by container

No

Propagated by corm

No

Propagated by cuttings

No

Propagated by seed

Yes

Propagated by sod

No

Propagated by sprigs

No

Propagated by tubers

No

Seed per pound

213000

Seed spread rate

Slow

Seedling vigor

Low

Small grain

No

Vegetative spread rate

None

Dore’s Needlegrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Achnatherum P. Beauv. - needlegrass

Species

Achnatherum nelsonii (Scribn.) Barkworth - Columbia needlegrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA